What was the name of the far-sighted Indian who is considered to be the 'father of modern plastic surgery' and devised an artificial nose in the 4th century BC?

McGruff

Gaspare Tagliacozzi is considered the Father of Modern Plastic Surgery. This gentleman was Italian, not Indian. He was the professor of surgery at Bologna. http://books.google.com/books?id=TKIzxSZ_-UwC&pg=PA651&lpg=PA651&dq=gaspare+tagliacozzi+is+considered+the+father+of+modern+plastic+surgery&source=web&ots=jN-2aB0yJ7&sig=40IAA-ARYAKNmiT17fWBxWCI_xM Sun Apr 23 16:09:53 CDT 2000 (Reposted as one entry - McG) Graefe, Carl Ferdinand von, 1787 - 1840. Founder of modern reparative surgery and often called the father of modern plastic surgery. http://calder.med.miami.edu/Ralph_Millard/by_name.html Plastic surgery dates back to the 700’s BCE and has had a fruitful history in many civilizations. Modern plastic surgery can be traced back to the innovations of New Zealander Sir Harold Gillies. Gillies developed many of the techniques that are the basis of modern plastic surgery. He is often referred to as the father of modern plastic surgery. His innovations came about from his attempts to deal with the facial injuries that he suffered during the First World War. http://www.ringsurf.com/online/953-plastic_surgery.html Apr 27 02, 10:47 PM

McGruff

Controversy exists about the time when Sushruta lived, with opinions about the time of his existence ranging from 1000 BC to 10th century AD. Sushruta compiled his knowledge as the Sushruta Samhita (Sushruta's compendium). This encompasses details of human anatomy, medicine, pediatrics, geriatrics, midwifery, diseases of the ear, nose, throat, and eye, toxicology, psychiatry, besides surgery. He is fondly remembered for his contribution to plastic surgery for he laid down its basic principles and described various types of rotation and pedicle flaps. Sushruta is the pioneer of reconstructive rhinoplasty. Cutting off the nose was a common punishment in ancient India and more than 15 methods of repairing such a damage are mentioned by Sushruta, akin to most modern plastic surgery techniques. http://www.indianjsurg.com/article.asp?issn=0972-2068;year=2005;volume=67;issue=4;spage=229;epage=230;aulast=Tewari Sushruta (also spelt Susruta or Sushrutha) (c. 6th century BC) was a renowned surgeon of ancient India, and the author of the book Sushruta Samhita. In his book, he described over 120 surgical instruments, 300 surgical procedures and classifies human surgery in 8 categories. He lived and taught and practiced his art on the banks of the Ganga in the area that corresponds to the present day city of Varanasi in North India. Because of his seminal and numerous contributions to the science and art of surgery he is also known by the title "Father of Surgery." Sushruta is also the father of Plastic Surgery and Cosmetic Surgery since his technique of forehead flap rhinoplasty (repairing the disfigured nose with a flap of skin from the forehead), that he used to reconstruct noses that were amputated, is practiced almost unchanged in technique to this day. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sushruta Jan 26 08, 10:26 AM