What is something that is used in many fields such as psychology, counseling, education, and the military - the earliest known ones were in China around 587?

BRY2K

Standardized tests? The earliest known standardized tests (which included both practical and written components) are the Chinese Imperial Examinations which began in 587. In Europe, traditionally school examinations were conducted orally. Students would have to answer questions posed by teachers in Latin, and teachers would grade them on their answers. The first written exams in Europe were held at Cambridge University, England in 1792 by professors who were paid a piece rate and realized that written exams would earn them more money. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_%28student_assessment%29 [Link swapped -- Zb] Jul 02 08, 4:05 AM