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Quiz about Richard I
Quiz about Richard I

Richard I Trivia Quiz


Richard has come down in history as a gallant knight. How much do we really know about this individual?

A multiple-choice quiz by tripeuro. Estimated time: 6 mins.
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Author
tripeuro
Time
6 mins
Type
Multiple Choice
Quiz #
191,055
Updated
Dec 03 21
# Qns
20
Difficulty
Average
Avg Score
12 / 20
Plays
846
Awards
Top 35% Quiz
Last 3 plays: Guest 103 (17/20), Guest 70 (8/20), Guest 73 (14/20).
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Question 1 of 20
1. Richard was the son of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine. Which child of this royal pair was he? Hint


Question 2 of 20
2. Richard was known by the cognomen "the Lionheart". He also had another cognomen, also based upon a characteristic. What was it? Hint


Question 3 of 20
3. Richard was a leader in which of the crusades?

Answer: ( Two Words )
Question 4 of 20
4. When Richard went on crusade, whom did he nominate as his heir in case something happened to him while away? Hint


Question 5 of 20
5. In order to raise money for his crusade, what action(s) did Richard take? Hint


Question 6 of 20
6. According to gossip, Richard had an affair with his feudal lord Philip II (Augustus) of France.


Question 7 of 20
7. Richard had for twenty years been betrothed to Philip's half sister. As a result of the betrothal, she had been raised at the court of Henry II. Who was that lady? Hint


Question 8 of 20
8. What was the most significant difference between the third crusade and the first and second crusades? Hint


Question 9 of 20
9. One of the leaders of the crusades placed his banner along side that of Richard. This provoked a reaction on the part Richard's men, resulting in the tearing down of the offending banner. Whose banner caused offence? Hint


Question 10 of 20
10. Who was the leader of the Muslim forces in the Third Crusade?

Answer: (One Word)
Question 11 of 20
11. Before leaving on the crusade, Richard made his brother John and his half-brother Geoffrey swear that they would not return to England for a three year period. John was later released from this oath as the result of the pleading of which person? Hint


Question 12 of 20
12. Richard left authority in England divided between two justiciars. Hugh du Puiset, Bishop of Durham was made justiciar of the north. Who was appointed justiciar of the south? Hint


Question 13 of 20
13. One of the reasons that Richard chose Berengaria of Navarre as his bride was the hope that the Navarese would act to protect Richard's territories in the Aquitaine. This in fact was true and Berengaria's brother assisted in the reconquest after Richard returned from the crusade. Who was her brother? Hint


Question 14 of 20
14. Upon his return, Richard commanded that his designated heir, Arthur, come to his court to be educated there. Arthur's mother, a strong willed woman who detested the Angevins, refused to allow this believing it was an attempt on the part of Richard to gain control of her son with the idea of eliminating him. Who was this woman? Hint


Question 15 of 20
15. Richard was captured by Leopold, Duke of Austria, on his return from the crusade. Leopold had been angered by Richard's treatment of him during the battle of Acre and imprisoned him, although this was in violation of the crusader's oath. Prior to his being surrendered to Leopold's overlord, Emperor Henry VI, where was Richard imprisoned? Hint


Question 16 of 20
16. Upon his return to England and the re-establishment of his authority, Richard had a second coronation ceremony. Where did this ceremony take place? Hint


Question 17 of 20
17. Although William Longchamp was restored as chancellor upon Richard's return, he was not given the same authority that he had enjoyed when Richard left for the crusade. It was while exercising this authority, that he had been expelled from England. Richard made his Archbishop of Canterbury the chief justiciar, a position superior to that of chancellor. Who was this cleric? Hint


Question 18 of 20
18. In order to protect the 'gateway to Normandy', Richard had erected a strong castle. Nicknamed the 'saucy castle', what was the name of this castle of which Richard was very proud? Hint


Question 19 of 20
19. Berengaria was the only English queen never to reside in England.


Question 20 of 20
20. Where was Richard buried? Hint



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Mar 19 2024 : Guest 103: 17/20
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quiz
Quiz Answer Key and Fun Facts
1. Richard was the son of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine. Which child of this royal pair was he?

Answer: the fourth child

Richard was the fourth child of Henry and Eleanor and the sixth child of Eleanor who had had two daughters by her first husband, Louis VII of France. His older siblings were William who died in infancy, Henry (the young king) who died at age 28 and Matilda who married Henry 'the Lion', Duke of Saxony.
2. Richard was known by the cognomen "the Lionheart". He also had another cognomen, also based upon a characteristic. What was it?

Answer: Richard Yea and Nay

Richard got the nickname "Yea and Nay" due to the rapidity with which he made decisions - especially in preparation for the crusade. He also deserved the other names, although they were not applied. He was responsible for the ordering of the massacre of captured prisoners, died while attempting to lay claim to a disputed treasure trove and was born in Oxford.
3. Richard was a leader in which of the crusades?

Answer: the third

The crusades were first proposed by Pope Urban II at the Council of Clermont in 1095. The First Crusade took place in 1096-99. Originally the crusades were to free the Holy Land from the Muslims but as time wore on the objectives changed. The Eighth Crusade (1270) was the last major Christian attempt to free the Holy Land but it attacked the Arabs in Tunis.

Although there were other 'crusades' ie the Albigensian Crusade (1200s), the Crusades of the Teutonic Knights (1229-1525) and the crusades in Spain (711-1492), crusades as commonly understood ended in 1291 with the fall of Acre to the Muslims.
4. When Richard went on crusade, whom did he nominate as his heir in case something happened to him while away?

Answer: Arthur of Brittany

Arthur of Brittany, although a child, was the posthumous son of his next oldest brother, Geoffrey of Brittany and so was the natural successor. John, Count of Mortain was his youngest brother. Although he was the only surviving son of Eleanor and Henry II, according to the strict line of succession, the son of Geoffrey took precedence. Geoffrey of York was an illegitimate son of Henry II and had been created Archbishop of York.
5. In order to raise money for his crusade, what action(s) did Richard take?

Answer: All of these

During the money raising period, England was really just a major auction house with everything going to the highest bidder. Richard was quoted as saying that he would sell London itself if he could find a bidder. Upon his return from the crusades, he cancelled all the sales, saying that the buyers had, in effect, only been paying rent for the estates while he was away.
6. According to gossip, Richard had an affair with his feudal lord Philip II (Augustus) of France.

Answer: True

The sexual orientation of Richard has never been clearly established. While Philip and Richard were allied against Henry II, there are references to their relationship stating that, "every day they ate at the same table, shared the same dish and at night the bed did not separate them. Between the two of them there grew up so great an affection that King Henry was much alarmed..."
7. Richard had for twenty years been betrothed to Philip's half sister. As a result of the betrothal, she had been raised at the court of Henry II. Who was that lady?

Answer: Alais (aka Alice and Alys)

Alais, according to gossip, while at the court of Henry II had become the mistress of Henry II and, according to some, had borne him children. Richard had no intention of marrying his father's leman. Philip reluctantly released Richard from his obligation while travelling to the Holy Land, thus allowing Richard to marry Berengaria.

When Philip left the Holy Land ahead of Richard, plots began to arise, one of which included the marriage of Alais to John. That plan also came to naught and the unfortunate Alais was then married to William of Ponthieu. Margaret was the wife of Richard's deceased elder brother Henry, and Matilda and Joan were Richard's sisters.
8. What was the most significant difference between the third crusade and the first and second crusades?

Answer: The crusaders undertook to travel by sea.

Unlike the first and second crusades that travelled basically overland, the third crusade relied upon sea transport to get them to the holy land. Although there were fewer women in the entourage, they were there. Berengaria, Richard's wife was in the entourage as was his sister Joan. The fourth crusade attacked Constantinople.
9. One of the leaders of the crusades placed his banner along side that of Richard. This provoked a reaction on the part Richard's men, resulting in the tearing down of the offending banner. Whose banner caused offence?

Answer: Duke Leopold of Austria

Duke Leopold of Austria had his banner placed alongside those of Richard and Philip after the battle at Acre. Some of Richard's troops, probably with the agreement of Richard, tore down the Austrian banner and cast it into a ditch thereby offending Leopold. Tancred was the host of Richard and Philip in Sicily on their way to the crusade.
10. Who was the leader of the Muslim forces in the Third Crusade?

Answer: Saladin

Saladin's capture of the Holy Land was the result of a unification of Muslim groups who had, heretofore, been divided against one another - a collection of minor tribes which were crippled by internal feuding. This consolidation began in 1127 and in 1174 control of these consolidated domains (which by that time included Egypt) fell to Saladin.
11. Before leaving on the crusade, Richard made his brother John and his half-brother Geoffrey swear that they would not return to England for a three year period. John was later released from this oath as the result of the pleading of which person?

Answer: Eleanor of Aquitaine

Although Richard had declared that Arthur of Brittany would be his heir, Eleanor felt that the natural successor in the event that something happened to Richard during the crusade should be John, Richard's younger brother. (She did not like her daughter-in-law Constance.) For this reason, she wanted John in England, prepared to seize the throne in the event that Richard died childless.
12. Richard left authority in England divided between two justiciars. Hugh du Puiset, Bishop of Durham was made justiciar of the north. Who was appointed justiciar of the south?

Answer: William Longchamp, Bishop of Ely

William Longchamp was a headstrong individual. After Richard had departed for the crusades, he followed him to France and managed to have his authority increased at the expense of his colleague. He was forced to retreat to Normandy as a result of the antagonism he had created with the aristocracy.
13. One of the reasons that Richard chose Berengaria of Navarre as his bride was the hope that the Navarese would act to protect Richard's territories in the Aquitaine. This in fact was true and Berengaria's brother assisted in the reconquest after Richard returned from the crusade. Who was her brother?

Answer: Sancho VII

While engaged in assisting Richard to regain territories ceded to Philip II by his brother John during the crusades, Sancho, Richard's brother-in-law, learned of the death of his father, Sancho VI. Leaving his troops to continue assisting Richard, he had to return to Navarre to ascend to the throne there.
14. Upon his return, Richard commanded that his designated heir, Arthur, come to his court to be educated there. Arthur's mother, a strong willed woman who detested the Angevins, refused to allow this believing it was an attempt on the part of Richard to gain control of her son with the idea of eliminating him. Who was this woman?

Answer: Constance

Constance of Brittany was married to Geoffrey and was the daughter of Conan IV. Geoffrey, son of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine, was Duke of Brittanny due to the fact that he was married to the only child of Conan IV. When he was killed in a tournament, Constance became reigning duchess until she abdicated in favour of her son Arthur.
15. Richard was captured by Leopold, Duke of Austria, on his return from the crusade. Leopold had been angered by Richard's treatment of him during the battle of Acre and imprisoned him, although this was in violation of the crusader's oath. Prior to his being surrendered to Leopold's overlord, Emperor Henry VI, where was Richard imprisoned?

Answer: Durnstein Castle

Leopold imprisoned Richard at Durnstein, on the Danube west of Vienna. The Kaiserburg was the large imperial castle in Nuremberg, but was not one of Richard's prisons. When Richard was handed over to Henry VI, he was moved to the stronghold of Trifels where the imperial regalia was stored. Later, when Henry VI decided upon the ransom demand, he was moved to more comfortable quarters at Worms.
16. Upon his return to England and the re-establishment of his authority, Richard had a second coronation ceremony. Where did this ceremony take place?

Answer: Winchester

Winchester was the ancient capital of England - and capital of the kingdom of Wessex. It was still the site of the treasury of England. Oxford was the birthplace of Richard. Woodstock was one of the favourite palaces of Henry II.
17. Although William Longchamp was restored as chancellor upon Richard's return, he was not given the same authority that he had enjoyed when Richard left for the crusade. It was while exercising this authority, that he had been expelled from England. Richard made his Archbishop of Canterbury the chief justiciar, a position superior to that of chancellor. Who was this cleric?

Answer: Hubert Walter

Hubert Walter was a capable and hard working civil servant. He served Richard for four years before being allowed to retire due to the strains of his office. Baldwin was Archbishop of Canterbury and led a contingent at Acre. Dismayed at the conduct of the troops, he died at Acre in 1190. Geoffrey was Archbishop of York and was Richard's half brother.

He served as chancellor under Henry II.
18. In order to protect the 'gateway to Normandy', Richard had erected a strong castle. Nicknamed the 'saucy castle', what was the name of this castle of which Richard was very proud?

Answer: Chateau Gaillard

Richard was proud of his 'saucy castle' and Philip II resentful since he believed that its construction was in violation of a treaty between France and England. Philip boasted that he could take the castle 'though its walls were made of iron'. Richard retorted that he would hold it 'though its walls were made of butter'. Chateau Martel was where Henry (the young king) died. Gisors was the site of many of the meetings between Henry II and both Louis VII and Philip II. Chateau Chinon was the stronghold of the Loire and the place where Henry II died.
19. Berengaria was the only English queen never to reside in England.

Answer: True

It is not surprising that during Richard's lifetime Berengaria never accompanied him to England, since he himself was only in the kingdom for six months (!) during his entire reign, and most of that was prior to the crusade. Berengaria did not accompany him when he returned from captivity.

After Richard's death she spent the balance of her life, some thirty years, in Le Mans. John treated her shabbily and she had to petition the pope on many occasions with respect to the provisions of Richard's will and her dower rights. Sophia Dorothea, the divorced wife of George I, also did not visit England since she was imprisoned for adultery in Celle. Since the divorce occurred prior to George's becoming king, she can hardly be considered a queen of England.
20. Where was Richard buried?

Answer: Fontevrault

Richard was buried beside his father, Henry II. Later, his mother, Eleanor, and his sister-in-law Isabella of Angouleme, John's widow, were also buried there. Berengaria was buried in Le Mans in an abbey she founded there.
Source: Author tripeuro

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