GT is right for #19...it stands for galactic
Infra
Red
Source.
#2- I found this website http://www.firstscience.com/site/articles/davies.asp
Check it out. Seems like one of the oldest surviving organisms on earth are called superbugs.
#3- Large Magellanic Cloud (at a diameter of 20,000)
#4- WIMPs: Weakly Interacting Massive
Particle
MACHOs: Massive Compact Halo Object
Both of these are used to theorize about the dark matter of the Galaxy.
#5- http://ssscott.tripod.com/BigBang.html
#8- I believe the answer is ventricle but I´m not 100% sure.
#12- Kapteyn´s Star seems to be found in the Kapteyn´s Station System, found within the Babylon 5 Universe. The star is about 12.63 lightyears from the Sun.
#16- Between 1350 to 1400 cc, depending on sex and body size.
#17- I think L/D stands for Landing Domain in Aeronautics...sounds about right.