The larvae and pupae of black flies live under water. When a black fly pupa is ready to hatch into an adult fly, it becomes inflated with gas. The pupal shell breaks open, and releases the bubble of gas. Inside the bubble is the adult fly, safe and dry. The bubble and its cargo float to the surface, where the bubble pops, releasing the fly.

Black flies (family Simuliidae) are widely distributed throughout the world. The females of many species are vicious biters. During some seasons in certain parts of the world, they can be so numerous that walking outside during the day is almost impossible without some kind of protection.

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