hi all

GREECE:
aeschylus and sophocles in 5th c. bc in the greek amphitheaters;
ROME:
Plautus in 3rd c comedies;
MIDDLE AGES:
The Play of Daniel
RENAISSANCE:
commedia dell'arte
lully/moliere in court of louis xiv in late 16th c.
ballad operas eg, gay the beggar's opera 1728:
British music halls;
US minstrel shows,
no no nanette 1925
jolson
30s noel coward and cole porter
other than the above,
oklahoma in the 1943
was probably the main "modern musical." of course, one could also think about opera buffa, comic opera, burlesque, burletta=musical farce, musical comedy, extravanganza, vaudeville (have a good friend who took that name legally)
hope some of that helps?