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Structure
Interesting Questions, Facts and Information
- There are a total of 10 general entries.
Special Topics
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 Interesting Questions, Facts, and Information
 Industrial Revolution
England. In 1740, the first factories started to appear in England. However, industrialization did not 'take off' in England till about 1780. In the early stages it was on a small scale. The second country to industrialize is generally held to be France (shortly after 1815) together with Southern Belgium.
| The cotton gin was one of the inventions that came as a result of the Industrial Revolution. Who invented it? | Industrial Revolution
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Eli Whitney. Invented in 1793, this allowed the fine cotton seeds to be separated from the cotton much more easily than when they were previously picked out by hand. Therefore it gave a new boost to the cotton industry of the Southern states of the USA, and so indirectly kept slavery alive.
| A few decades before James Watt perfected the machine, another young scientist named Thomas Newcomen built a simple steam engine with a single piston engine. What were these first steam engines used for? | Industrial Revolution
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Pumping water out of mine shafts. One of the major problems of mining was the water. Until the steam engine mining could not be done very deep. However, Newcomen's invention was very weak, but was improved on later.
At the University of Glasgow. Watt was the University's official scientific instrument-maker. He was asked to repair Newcomen's engine and while doing so he learned a lot about its mechanics.
| In England in 1799 it became illegal for two or more factory workers to join together in order to demand better working conditions and/or higher pay. What was the name of this Act of Parliament? | Industrial Revolution
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Combination Act. People found guilty of this law could be sentenced to jail for three months.
| In 1733 John Kay invented an improved type of the weaver's loom. What was it called? | Industrial Revolution
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flying shuttle. The flying shuttle allowed one weaver to take the place of two and it also made the job faster. One would expect such an invention to make a person rich. However, John Kay suffered more than prospered. He created so many enemies by putting people out of work that he was eventually forced to flee to France.
c. 1890 onwards. Despite this Russia remained a backward nation in the early twentieth century.
| In what year did the English achieve the 10-hour working day, at least for women and children? | Industrial Revolution
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1844. The law was originally only meant for women and children but since (in many factories) men's work was also linked to with these, their hours were also cut.
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