Special Sub-Topic: Anatomy 1001: Digestion Click Here To Play: Anatomy 1001: Digestion

Which tube does food flow down immediately before entering the cardiac sphincter?

Esophagus. The trachea and laryngopharynx are tubes that air travels through during respiration.

Which of the following is not a pair of tonsils found in the body?

Esophageal tonsils. Tonsils are named for their relative positions in the body. Esophageal tonsils do not exist.

What is the name of the structure which food passes through to leave the stomach?

Pyloric Sphincter. The cardiac sphincter leads into the stomach, the ileo-cecal valve connects the ileum to the cecum, and the sphincter of Oddi connects the pancreatic duct to the duodenum.

What is the name of the organ that produces bile?

Liver. The gall bladder stores the bile.

What is the name of the cluster of cells in the pancreas that function in endocrine activity?

Islet of Langerhans. Acinar cells function in exocrine activity, the glomerulus is present in nephrons and filters the blood.

What are the name of the structures in the small intestine that increase surface area?

Villi. Rugae serves a similar function, but is found in other parts of the body.

What is the salivary gland which is innervated by Cranial Nerve IX, the glossopharyngeal nerve?

Parotid Salivary Gland. The submandibular and sublingual salivary glands are innervated by Cranial Nerve VII, the facial nerve. There is no submaxillary salivary gland.

From the gall bladder, which structure does the bile flow through first in route to the small intestine?

Cystic duct. The hepatic and cystic ducts combine to form the common bile duct.

What of these functions does the vermiform appendix serve?

None of these. The vermiform appendix is a vestigial structure, meaning that it may have served a purpose at one point in time, but no longer does.

What is the last portion of the large intestine?

Sigmoid colon. The order is Ascending colon, transverse, descending, sigmoid.