1. What blood type is compatible for the transfusion of red cells in an O Rh (D) negative individual? O Rh (D) positive None of these A Rh (D) negative O Rh (D) negative

2. Each red cell expresses multiple antigens aside from the ABO and Rh (D) antigens. Antibodies can be formed against antigens presented to the immune system. These can be directed against antigens in the recipient or in the donor cells. What is an alloantibody? An antibody formed against the antigens of donor red cells in the recipient An antibody formed against a person’s own red cells An antibody transmitted in the donor red cells to the recipient An antibody to viral particles transmitted during an infection

3. Blue eyes are considered a recessive trait, whereby an individual must receive both recessive alleles to express blue eyes. A brown-eyed child may have one recessive allele that is masked by the dominant brown-eyed gene. In the ABO blood group system, O is the recessive trait, while A and B are dominant. If a child receives the A allele from one parent and B from the other, what will the child’s blood group be? AB – the alleles are codominant B – it is the stronger in dominance A – it is the stronger in dominance O – A and B cancel each other out

4. What blood type is compatible for the transfusion of plasma products in an O negative individual? AB positive only All blood types O negative only Plasma products are never transfused

5. Which of the following antibodies in the maternal circulation does NOT give rise to haemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)? All of these can cause HDN Anti-A Anti-K Anti-Fya

6. 6. What is an autoantibody? An antibody formed against the antigens of donor red cells in the recipient An antibody formed against a person’s own red cells An antibody transmitted in the donor red cells to the recipient An antibody to viral particles transmitted during an infection

7. The Rh blood group system consists of five major antigens D, C, c, E and e. They are encoded by the genes RHD (D antigens) and RHCE (C, c, E and e antigens). RHCE alleles are in the forms ce, Ce, cE, and CE. Two of these are present in each individual (one from each parent). These alleles are expressed in a codominant fashion, so that an individual with the alleles ce/CE will express all four antigens (C, c, E and e). What antigens will an individual with the alleles Ce/ce express? There is not enough information in the question C and c. The e is not strong enough. C, c and e e only as the C and c cancel each other out

8. Once an alloantibody is formed, the recipient can reproduce the antibody every time the antigen is reintroduced. True False

9. Who discovered the ABO blood group system? R.E. Stetson Alex Weiner Karl Landsteiner Philip Levine

10. Red cells can also express antigens that are expressed on white cells. True False