Thyroid Physiology

15 Points Per Correct Answer - No time limit  

1. What causes most thyroid disease in the US? Iodine deficiency Auto-immunity Cancer Radiation exposure

2. What gland(s) regulate the thyroid gland? The pituitary gland The pineal gland The parathryoid glands The lymph glands

3. Thyroid hormone interacts with receptors in which part of the cell? Cell membrane Nucleus Endoplasmic reticulum Ribosomes

4. Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of hypothyroidism, in which the thyroid gland is underactive and makes too little thyroid hormone? Constipation Puffiness around the eyes Dry skin Heart pounding and racing

5. Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of hyperthyroidism, in which the thyroid gland is overactive and makes too much thyroid hormone? Increased appetite Feeling cold all the time Shakiness Sweats

6. T3 and T4 are shorthand names for the two active forms of thyroid hormone. To what do the 3 and 4 refer? The number of iodine atoms per molecule. The number of amino acids in them The number of hydroxyl groups per molecule The molecular weight in kiloDaltons

7. How many thyroid glands does a person normally have? one six two four

8. In what form is thyroid hormone found in the bloodstream? As a hexamer (bound to five other molecule of thyroid hormone) Free in the liquid plasma Bound to a carrier protein As a dimer (bound to one other molecule of thyroid hormone)

9. What other hormone is made in the thyroid gland? Leptin Calcitonin Thyrotropin Adiponectin

10. Thyroid cancer occurs at increased rates in individuals who have been exposed to the high levels of radiation which may occur after a nuclear accident or nuclear bomb detonation. What salt can be used to reduce the risk of thyroid cancer in the event of fallout exposure? Sodium chloride Calcium iodate Lithium bromide Potassium iodide