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Chemistry Trivia Quizzes

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280 Chemistry quizzes and 3,920 Chemistry trivia questions.
1.
Molecular Models
  Molecular Models   best quiz  
Photo Quiz
 10 Qns
Molecules are much too small to see with the naked eye, so it is often useful to depict them with models - so let's look at some!
Easier, 10 Qns, looney_tunes, Aug 09 23
Recommended for grades: 9,10,11,12
Easier
looney_tunes editor
Aug 09 23
300 plays
2.
  The Very Useful Chemistry Quiz   best quiz  
Multiple Choice
 10 Qns
The sequel to "The Very Edible Organic Chemistry Quiz" - this quiz is all about the useful chemicals you might find around the house.
Average, 10 Qns, NatalieW, Feb 02 22
Average
NatalieW gold member
Feb 02 22
16484 plays
3.
The Land of No Substance
  The Land of No Substance   best quiz  
Photo Quiz
 10 Qns
We've stumbled upon another land which is free of many substances, from the typical to the obscure. If I try to explain the substances, could you name them? If you happen to know a few skeletal compounds, you may find this a bit easier!
Average, 10 Qns, kyleisalive, Feb 02 22
Recommended for grades: 11,12
Average
kyleisalive editor
Feb 02 22
3417 plays
4.
Firework Chemistry
  Firework Chemistry editor best quiz   best quiz  
Photo Quiz
 10 Qns
Fireworks are often part of celebrations, especially at New Year. What do you know about the ingredients which go into them to make them so spectacular?
Average, 10 Qns, rossian, Aug 27 23
Average
rossian editor
Aug 27 23
661 plays
5.
Element Compound or Mixture
  Element, Compound or Mixture? editor best quiz   great trivia quiz  
Multiple Choice
 10 Qns
On the basis of its chemical composition, matter is classified into 'elements', 'compounds' and 'mixtures'. In this quiz, I'll give a substance or a brief description of one, and you tell me whether it's an element, compound or mixture. Enjoy!
Average, 10 Qns, achernar, Feb 02 22
Recommended for grades: 6,7,8
Average
achernar
Feb 02 22
17251 plays
6.
  Chemistry 101: Elements and Compounds   popular trivia quiz  
Multiple Choice
 10 Qns
Here is a quiz on chemistry.
Average, 10 Qns, Ken1260, Aug 26 20
Recommended for grades: 11,12
Average
Ken1260
Aug 26 20
17278 plays
7.
  Chemicals in Nature   best quiz  
Multiple Choice
 10 Qns
When one utters the word 'chemical', what most people envision is a mad scientist in a lab-coat mixing brightly-coloured liquids, bubbly test-tubes, and frequent explosions. This quiz focuses on the more "down-to-earth" aspects of chemistry.
Average, 10 Qns, achernar, Feb 02 22
Average
achernar
Feb 02 22
9529 plays
8.
Signs for Designs
  Signs for Designs    
Photo Quiz
 10 Qns
You are probably familiar with the use of blueprints to display architectural designs, but do you know the chemistry behind the technique?
Tough, 10 Qns, looney_tunes, Mar 18 15
Tough
looney_tunes editor
2219 plays
9.
Dare You Dissect a Durian
  Dare You Dissect a Durian?   best quiz  
Photo Quiz
 10 Qns
The Science of Smell
Dare you dissect the smelliest fruit in the world? If you do, then let's investigate the chemical processes of several more stinky things that make mere mortal scientists hold their nose.
Average, 10 Qns, trident, Dec 27 22
Average
trident editor
Dec 27 22
383 plays
10.
  The Very Beautiful Chemistry Quiz   best quiz  
Multiple Choice
 10 Qns
Welcome to a quiz on the chemistry of looking good and keeping healthy!
Average, 10 Qns, NatalieW, Feb 02 22
Average
NatalieW gold member
Feb 02 22
7202 plays
trivia question Quick Question
The discoverer of gallium (Ga) gave that element the name of his own 'home-area'. Which one was that?

From Quiz "Chemicals: Origins Of Names"




11.
  The Chemistry of Living   great trivia quiz  
Multiple Choice
 10 Qns
Every day, you do chemistry and you don't even know it! This quiz is all about the chemistry that goes on inside our bodies, our very own portable chemistry labs.
Average, 10 Qns, NatalieW, Aug 25 21
Average
NatalieW gold member
Aug 25 21
6570 plays
12.
  The Very Colourful Chemistry Quiz   best quiz  
Multiple Choice
 10 Qns
Have you ever wondered what makes an orange orange? Or what makes rubies red? Take this quiz and find out!
Tough, 10 Qns, NatalieW, Oct 24 14
Tough
NatalieW gold member
8277 plays
13.
  Chemistry for the Non Chemist   popular trivia quiz  
Multiple Choice
 10 Qns
Welcome to this quiz for those who, like me, find chemistry rather more incomprehensible than Klingon military tactics. We'll start with the basics, and you'll probably find that you know more than you thought you did.
Easier, 10 Qns, Catreona, Mar 12 24
Easier
Catreona gold member
Mar 12 24
750 plays
14.
  Chemicals: Origins Of Names   great trivia quiz  
Multiple Choice
 10 Qns
Chemical elements and compounds often have 'meaningful' names such as hydrogen (begetter of water). Other names refer to celebrities, countries, regions, or even universities. See if you can identify where these are from.
Tough, 10 Qns, flem-ish, Oct 01 19
Tough
flem-ish
Oct 01 19
12202 plays
15.
  What Difference Does it Make?   great trivia quiz  
Multiple Choice
 10 Qns
This quiz looks at some everyday chemical reactions and the significant effects that they have on our lives. I'm sure you'll recognize most of them! There are no trick questions and no specialized chemistry knowledge is assumed.
Easier, 10 Qns, MikeMaster99, Mar 21 23
Easier
MikeMaster99 gold member
Mar 21 23
1541 plays
16.
  Detective Chemistry   best quiz  
Multiple Choice
 10 Qns
You are a chemical compound, but you don't know which one. Questions 1 to 9 will give you clues as to your identity, as well as testing your knowledge in several areas of chemistry. Question 10 will give you a chance to guess at which compound you are.
Average, 10 Qns, doublemm, Feb 02 22
Average
doublemm gold member
Feb 02 22
3924 plays
17.
Learning About Pesticides
  Learning About Pesticides    
Photo Quiz
 10 Qns
A pesticide is something that is designed to get rid of an unwanted fungus, bacteria, virus, plant or animal. Use the photo clues to learn a bit more about the pesticides for each category.
Average, 10 Qns, Trivia_Fan54, Jul 15 19
Average
Trivia_Fan54 gold member
Jul 15 19
236 plays
18.
  So You Think You Know Chemistry...   top quiz  
Multiple Choice
 10 Qns
Chemistry, Biology, Physics, Astronomy, and Earth Science...the five reigning kings of modern science. This quiz will test your knowledge of chemistry, from the simple to the obscure. Do YOU know chemistry?
Tough, 10 Qns, paradigmx, Sep 02 16
Tough
paradigmx
3938 plays
19.
Chemistry From Different Angles
  Chemistry From Different Angles   popular trivia quiz  
Photo Quiz
 10 Qns
The electron configuration about an atom in a molecule can define its "molecular shape". Here are ten questions about it!
Tough, 10 Qns, doublemm, Oct 21 16
Tough
doublemm gold member
597 plays
20.
  Bond, Covalent Bond   best quiz  
Multiple Choice
 10 Qns
Humor in chemistry? You bet! This quiz is for those who enjoy puns and jokes, so here are a few with a chemical flavor. A little chemistry or general science knowledge will help but is not essential. Remember, the focus is on the jokes not the science!
Average, 10 Qns, MikeMaster99, Feb 02 22
Recommended for grades: 11,12
Average
MikeMaster99 gold member
Feb 02 22
2091 plays
21.
  Scintillating Structural Chemistry   top quiz  
Multiple Choice
 10 Qns
Structural chemistry is one of my favourite chemistry topics. It really gives you an understanding and appreciation for the fine details of atoms and elements. Enjoy!
Average, 10 Qns, jonnowales, May 27 21
Average
jonnowales gold member
May 27 21
2914 plays
22.
  Chemistry is Wonderful!    
Multiple Choice
 10 Qns
This is a quiz about, wonderful...Chemistry!
Average, 10 Qns, irishpuppygal, Sep 22 14
Average
irishpuppygal
9501 plays
23.
  Reading the Table editor best quiz   popular trivia quiz  
Multiple Choice
 10 Qns
The periodic table is much more than a list of chemical elements. It can provide a plethora of information about the chemical and physical properties just by the element's position. This quiz uses fictional elements named after my teammates.
Tough, 10 Qns, doublemm, Feb 02 22
Recommended for grades: 11,12
Tough
doublemm gold member
Feb 02 22
3500 plays
24.
  Chemistry of Candles   popular trivia quiz  
Multiple Choice
 10 Qns
One of the joys of Christmas is the flicker of candlelight. To provide us with such a simple but heart-warming joy, quite a few chemical processes need to take place. Do you know them?
Tough, 10 Qns, WesleyCrusher, Dec 09 14
Tough
WesleyCrusher editor
1686 plays
25.
  Interesting Industrial Processes   great trivia quiz  
Multiple Choice
 10 Qns
The following quiz will be on industrial processes. It documents various methods of converting raw substances into products which can be used in everyday life. Enjoy!
Average, 10 Qns, jonnowales, Aug 05 07
Average
jonnowales gold member
2341 plays
26.
  Discoveries in Chemistry    
Match Quiz
 10 Qns
Do you love chemistry? Try to get all of these correct in my quiz.
Easier, 10 Qns, AarushLuthra, Mar 05 20
Easier
AarushLuthra
Mar 05 20
438 plays
27.
  Acids, Salts and Alkalis in Disguise    
Multiple Choice
 10 Qns
AP Chemistry scarred me for life, thus I've dedicated my existence to hunting all those sneaky chemical compounds in disguise. Help me save others from acid, alkali, and salt compounds! (U.S. Product Specific)
Average, 10 Qns, TemptressToo, May 30 22
Recommended for grades: 11,12
Average
TemptressToo
May 30 22
2053 plays
28.
  Equilibrium Reactions    
Multiple Choice
 15 Qns
This quiz examines your knowledge of equilibrium reactions at the level of high school chemistry. There is no chronological order, just a mixed bunch. Hope you enjoy!
Tough, 15 Qns, pokho, Nov 28 19
Tough
pokho
Nov 28 19
177 plays

Chemistry Trivia Questions

1. Chemistry is divided into two broad sub-fields. What are they called?

From Quiz
Chemistry for the Non Chemist

Answer: Organic and Inorganic

Organic chemistry, so named in 1807 by the Sweedish chemist Jöns Jacob Berzelius, is the chemistry of living things. Inorganic chemistry deals with non-living things, such as soil, water and air.

2. Note: The periodic table is arranged into vertical groups and horizontal periods. Loonium and Burgium are found in the same period, but Burgium is in group 4, whereas Loonium is in group 2. What does this tell you?

From Quiz Reading the Table

Answer: Burgium has two more electrons in its valence shell than Loonium

The group (or column) in which an element is found is a good indicator of the number of electrons in its valence (outermost) electron shell. Elements in group 1 have one valence electron, elements in group 2 have two valence electrons, and noble gases (in group 8 (or 18)) have a full outer shell of electrons.

3. Today, most candles are made of paraffin wax. The word "paraffin" however also has a clearly defined chemical meaning, being a synonym for which other term? (Pick the most exact solution)

From Quiz Chemistry of Candles

Answer: Alkane

As a chemical term, a paraffin is an alkane or saturated hydrocarbon. All alkanes have the formula CnH(2n+2) and consist of a straight chain of carbon atoms connected by single bonds. The carbons' valence electrons not needed to form the chain (two for an atom in the middle, three for each atom at the end) each bond with the single electron of a hydrogen atom. Paraffin wax is, to a large percentage, composed of actual paraffins with 20 to 40 carbon atoms.

4. The contact process is the general name given to the series of reactions leading up to the creation of H2SO4 or sulphuric acid. One of the steps is the oxidation of sulphur. Structurally speaking, what does oxidation mean?

From Quiz Interesting Industrial Processes

Answer: Losing Electrons

The first stage of the contact process is the oxidation of sulphur. The equation is (S + O2 ---> SO2). The result, as shown by the equation, is sulphur dioxide which is a gas. As an extra bit of chemical knowledge, oxidation means a gain in oxygen and a loss of electrons. It is the opposite of the process of reduction. When oxidation and reduction happen simultaneously in a reaction, it is said to be a redox reaction.

5. Just about everyone has heard of haemoglobin, which is the compound in our blood that makes it red. What is the "haeme" portion of the molecule best described as?

From Quiz The Chemistry of Living

Answer: a metal complex

Haemoglobin is red in colour because of the iron complexed in the molecule. The iron is at the centre of a porphyrin ring, which is made up of nitrogen-containing rings joined together to make one big heterocyclic structure (a heterocycle is a molecule containing rings of carbon atoms plus other atoms such as nitrogen and/or oxygen). The iron is complexed via the nitrogen atoms' lone electron pairs. Haemoglobin is vital for transporting oxygen around the body. Arterial blood is bright red in colour because of the oxygen coordinated to haemoglobin; when the oxygen is removed, water takes its place and venous blood changes colour to a dark purplish red.

6. What is the name of the pigment that gives the green colour to plants?

From Quiz The Very Colourful Chemistry Quiz

Answer: chlorophyll

The chlorophylls are large organic molecules with a magnesium ion in the middle, a kind of molecule known as a metal complex. There are two different types of chlorophylls; a and b. The two types differ only in the type of side chain attached to one of the carbon atoms in the molecule. Chlorophylls absorb light in the 640-660 nanometre range (in the red region of the visible spectrum) meaning that they appear green or blue-green, which is the complementary colour to red.

7. Methylated spirits is a very common household chemical - but what is its main component?

From Quiz The Very Useful Chemistry Quiz

Answer: ethanol (alcohol)

Methylated spirits is basically ethanol (ethyl alcohol). The "methylated" part comes from the fact that a small percentage of methanol (methyl alcohol) is added to pure ethanol to stop it from being used to make alcoholic drinks (!). Methanol is very poisonous, unlike ethanol which, although toxic in large quantities, does not have the toxicity of methanol.

8. What substance goes milky/cloudy when you bubble carbon dioxide into it?

From Quiz Chemistry is Wonderful!

Answer: Lime water

This is a good test for carbon dioxide. Another good test is to put a lighted splint into a test tube of suspected C02 (carbon dioxide) and if the splint goes out the jar probably contains CO2. (This is a reason why CO2 is used in most fire extinguishers.)

9. The discoverer of gallium (Ga) gave that element the name of his own 'home-area'. Which one was that?

From Quiz Chemicals: Origins Of Names

Answer: France

Paul Emile Lecoq was a Frenchman. His name itself indirectly refers to France as the cock ('gallus' (in Latin)) is the national symbol. Another French chemical element is francium(Fr). There is also a lutetium (Lu) after Lutetia (= Paris). Other examples are Germanium (Ge) and Rhenium (Re). From Magnesia, a district in Thessaly, came two names of elements: Magnesium (Mg) and Manganese (Mn). Elements 97 (berkelium) and 98 (californium) are as recent as 1949 and 1950 and were synthesized at, and named after, the University of California.

10. What is an element?

From Quiz Chemistry for the Non Chemist

Answer: A species of matter made exclusively of one type of atom having unique chemical and physical properties.

Aristotle (384-322 B.C.), the best known of the Greek 'natural philosophers' (what we would now call 'a scientist'), held that everything in our world (here on Earth as we would now say) was made up of four 'elements'. These were named earth, air, fire and water, while the heavens (the rest of space beyond the Moon) consisted of a fifth, totally different element or substance that he called aither. The word is more familiar to us in the Latin form of aether. Though, starting in the early seventeenth century, this theory of Aristotle's became increasingly shaky, it was not until the early twentieth century that it was definitively disproven. It is important to remember that, though sharing a name, the elements of Aristotle and the modern chemical elements as they are now understood are two different concepts, having in common only the fundamental idea that everything in the world is built from elements.

11. Dazzium and Mimoium are both found in group 4, but Dazzium is in period 2, whereas Mimoium is in period 3. What does this tell us?

From Quiz Reading the Table

Answer: Mimoium has one more electron shell than Dazzium

Whilst the group number indicates the number of valence electrons, the period number tells us how many electron shells an element contains. For example, hydrogen, in period 1, has only one electron shell. Lithium, in period 2, has two electron shells, and so on.

12. Electrolysis of water involves passing an electrical current though the water and is often used to generate gases for industrial use. Which two gases are produced in this process?

From Quiz What Difference Does it Make?

Answer: Hydrogen and Oxygen

Production of hydrogen and oxygen in this manner requires a large amount of energy and hence is not performed on large scale. However, the use of renewable energy sources including solar and wind power to provide the energy required is continuing to make water electrolysis more attractive, which may be important in the future when cars fueled by hydrogen become more common. One unusual application of water electrolysis is that it provides the oxygen needed for the astronauts in spacecraft. The equation for this process is: 2 H2O (liquid) -> 2 H2(gas) + O2 (gas) You may notice that the number of hydrogen atoms on each side of the equation is equal (four) as is the number of oxygen atoms (two). This meets the requirement for Conservation of Mass in a chemical reaction - mass cannot be created nor destroyed in a (non-nuclear) chemical reaction.

13. A very bad chemical pun: "What is green and very, very large?" (In fact, 6.02 x 10 to the power 23).

From Quiz Bond, Covalent Bond

Answer: Avocado's Number

Avogadro's number is one of the most important constants in chemistry. It is equal to the number of carbon-12 atoms in 12.000 g of carbon-12. This number is also called the 'mole' and bears no resemblance to the mammal of the same name!

14. By telling you that you contain 22 protons in total, you should gather that you are a relatively small compound. If I were also to tell you that you are uncharged, what could you tell me about the number of electrons you contain?

From Quiz Detective Chemistry

Answer: You have 22

Atoms are made up of protons (positively charged particles), electrons (negatively charged particles), and neutrons (uncharged particles). For ease of understanding, we say that one proton has a charge of +1 and an electron has a charge of -1. Therefore, in an uncharged compound, the electron number would have to balance the proton number. Electrons can be lost or gained by atoms/compounds, thus providing them with a charge. An example of this is in table salt. Chlorine (Cl2) reacts with 2 sodium atoms, each Cl atom in Cl2 gains one electron from a sodium atom. The result are negatively charged chloride ions and positively charged sodium ions which join together to form the ionic compound, sodium chloride (salt).

15. Electronic configuration has its own form of notation. The following sequence represents the electronic configuration of the noble gas, argon: 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, 3s2, x. What does x represent?

From Quiz Scintillating Structural Chemistry

Answer: 3p6

This form of electronic configuration is a more useful way to determine the properties of elements and is also used to predict how an atom would bond to other atoms. Electrons are arranged in atomic orbitals, three of which are: s-orbitals, p-orbitals and d-orbitals. S-orbitals can contain up to two electrons, p-orbitals up to six electrons and d-orbitals up to ten electrons. The order of electron notation is as follows: 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d. As argon has 18 electrons, it is notated in the form: 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6.

16. Another part of the contact process is the creation of fuming sulphuric acid. What is the chemical term for this substance?

From Quiz Interesting Industrial Processes

Answer: Oleum

Oleum is the chemical term for fuming sulphuric acid. This round-a-bout way of creating sulphuric acid is necessary despite the fact that adding water to the gas of sulphur trioxide creates sulphuric acid far quicker. The reason this isn't done in industry is due to the erratic nature of the reaction. It causes a mist of sulphuric acid which is difficult to control. The chemical formula for oleum is H2S2O7.

17. DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the molecule that carries our genetic code. In 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick proposed that DNA's structure is that of a double helix. What is the form of bonding that enables this double helix to be formed?

From Quiz The Chemistry of Living

Answer: hydrogen bonding

Hydrogen bonding is the strongest intermolecular force and occurs between electronegative atoms bearing lone pairs of electrons (such as nitrogen and oxygen) and hydrogen atoms attached to another electronegative atom. The phosphate-sugar backbone of each strand of DNA has a series of heterocyclic bases attached to it. These bases contain nitrogen atoms that enable the complementary strands to hydrogen bond to each other, thus forming the double helix that we all recognise as DNA.

18. This metal oxide is often added to paint to make it bright white.

From Quiz The Very Colourful Chemistry Quiz

Answer: titanium dioxide

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a brilliant white, non-toxic solid often used as a pigment in paints. Compounds of lead used to be used as pigments in paint, but have been phased out due to their toxicity. Titanium dioxide is also used in sunscreens and to coat paper.

19. Most people have used superglue at one stage or another, but what is its major chemical component?

From Quiz The Very Useful Chemistry Quiz

Answer: alpha-cyano acrylate

Superglue is a solution of a chemical called alpha-cyano acrylate. This chemical undergoes a process called polymerisation, and this is what forms superglue. When you squeeze some superglue from the tube, polymerisation of alpha-cyano acrylate is initiated by small amounts of water on the surface of the object (and on fingers also! ;)), and this leads to the rapid formation of the polymerised version of the chemical. Superglue is immensely strong - one drop can support 2000lb (900kg)! If you ever find yourself in a sticky situation with superglue, try using some acetone to dissolve it.

20. Why is Hydrogen (the lightest element in the Periodic Table) not used in most balloons/airships?

From Quiz Chemistry is Wonderful!

Answer: It is flammable

A good test for Hydrogen is to put a lighted splint into a jar of suspected Hydrogen and see if it burns with a 'pop'. If it does, the gas could be Hydrogen.

21. Bromine got its name from the Greek word bromos. What does it mean?

From Quiz Chemicals: Origins Of Names

Answer: stench

Arsenic (As) got its name from the Greek arsenikhos, which means 'strong'. Bromos means 'strong smelling', so stench is the correct answer.

22. What is the chemical symbol for the element mercury?

From Quiz Chemistry 101: Elements and Compounds

Answer: Hg

Mercury is an unusual element in that it is one of only two elements to occur as a liquid at room temperature (25 degrees C). The other element to fall under this category is bromine.

23. Methanol (CH3OH) is being produced from carbon monoxide and hydrogen gases. At equilibrium, the concentrations of methanol, carbon monoxide and hydrogen are 0.5, 1.0 and 0.1 molars respectively. What would be the value of Kc (equilibrium constant)?

From Quiz Equilibrium Reactions

Answer: 50

It is necessary to write down the balanced equation of the reaction first. CO + 2H2 ⇌ CH3OH Thus the equilibrium expression would be: (Concentration of Methanol)/(Concentration of Carbon Monoxide) * (Concentration of Hydrogen)^2 You will get the correct answer after plugging in the values. Although the units are mostly not needed for Kc, it would be moles^-2 dm^6.

24. In an internal combustion engine such as those found in most cars, gasoline (petrol) in the cylinder is ignited by a spark plug. How does this process provide the power to drive the pistons and hence the engine?

From Quiz What Difference Does it Make?

Answer: Rapidly expanding gas from the combustion

The combustion of gasoline (petrol) creates a number of products including water vapor (gas) and carbon dioxide plus many other gases in smaller amounts. The important feature is that when a liquid is turned into a gas, a very large expansion takes place as gas is far less dense than the liquid. These gases are rapidly created in the confined chamber of the cylinder therefore creating great pressure that is then used to push down the piston, therefore creating the mechanical energy to drive the motor and the car.

25. Besides the wax, our candle also needs a wick to enable it to burn. The wick is the flame's fuel supply, feeding it molten wax by which mechanism?

From Quiz Chemistry of Candles

Answer: Capillary action

Capillary action is actually not a chemical process but a purely physical one. Molecules of a liquid are drawn to the surface of a solid because the adhesion between the liquid and the solid is greater than the cohesion between the liquid molecules and thus they tend to spread along the surface which, in a capillary medium, is highly porous. The molecules evaporating in the flame cause surface spots to become vacant to which molecules from further down the wick then move and so on.

26. While brushing, I notice that my tube of toothpaste says that it contains sodium fluoride. What is the purpose of this ingredient?

From Quiz The Very Beautiful Chemistry Quiz

Answer: To harden the enamel of my teeth.

These days, many toothpastes contain fluoride, often as sodium fluoride (NaF). Other sources of fluoride in toothpaste are stannous fluoride (SnF2) and sodium monofluorophosphate (Na2PO3F). This additive is present only in small amounts (my toothpaste is 0.22% sodium fluoride), but it plays a major role in keeping teeth healthy. The enamel covering our teeth is mostly made up of hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2). Fluoride in toothpaste is thought to strengthen the enamel by replacing some of hydroxyapatite's OH groups with fluoride ions, to give fluoroapatite, which is stronger and resists acid wear better than the original hydroxyapatite.

27. What type of chemical covalent bond is formed when the two bonding electrons come from the same atom and both received by the other atom?

From Quiz Scintillating Structural Chemistry

Answer: Dative Bond

A dative bond (also known as a co-ordinate bond) is formed between an atom containing a pair of non-bonded electrons (a lone pair) and a vacant orbital on another atom. A common example of this type of bond is the bonding involved in the formation of a molecule of ammonium (NH4+) from its constituents, ammonia (NH3) and a hydrogen ion (H+). The hydrogen is an ion as it has no electrons compared to the one electron found in its orbitals as an atom.

28. What is the pigment in the skin of oranges that gives it the orange colour?

From Quiz The Very Colourful Chemistry Quiz

Answer: carotene

I was surprised to learn that the pigment that gives carrots their orange colour is also responsible for giving oranges their colour, too! Carotene is a large organic molecule that absorbs light at around 450 nanometres (the blue region of the visible spectrum), meaning that it appears orange. Green oranges contain chlorophyll in their skins, but this is gradually lost and replaced with carotene as the fruit matures.

29. Bleach is another useful household chemical. It is often referred to as "chlorine bleach", but this is a misnomer. What is the main component of household bleach?

From Quiz The Very Useful Chemistry Quiz

Answer: sodium hypochlorite

Household bleach is a 3-6% solution of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) in water. There is no actual "chlorine" (Cl2) in bleach at all, although it does contain a chlorine atom (Cl). Sodium hypochlorite is, however, prepared from chlorine (Cl2) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH), which is perhaps where the name "chlorine bleach" comes from. It is a very useful chemical in that it not only kills germs, but is also an excellent stain remover. Under normal household use, sodium hypochlorite breaks down into sodium chloride (table salt), oxygen and water, and has been recently found by the Swedish Environmental Research Institute to pose no environmental problems provided it is used in the correct manner. (Thanks to howstuffworks.com - an incredibly interesting website. If you haven't checked it out, make sure you've got a spare hour or three when you do go have a look!)

30. What colour flame does Lithium have when it is lit?

From Quiz Chemistry is Wonderful!

Answer: crimson

Lithium is a very reactive metal. It is in Group 1 of the Periodic Table. See if you can experience the experiment mentioned in the question. The flame is very nice to look at.

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