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Structure
Interesting Questions, Facts and Information
- There are a total of 55 general entries. We are selecting 30 for display.
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 Interesting Questions, Facts, and Information
 Mesopotamia
| From what city-state did Sargon the Great, carve out the world's first empire that spanned the 'Known World?' | Mesopotamia Obscura
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Agade. Sargon was said to come from humble origins, a gardener at the temple of Ishtar and an orphan.
| Naram-Sim, Sargon's grandson, reunified the 'Four Quarters of the World'. But was he the last of the Sumerian-Akkadian kings to rule an empire of any size? | Mesopotamia Obscura
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No. The Sumerians arose again in the Third Dynasty of UR (2150-1950). Gudea of Lagash is an example of a ruler from this time period.
| Along with a code of laws and 'little gods', the reign of Hammurabi, of Babylonia, can claim fame to which other (mathematical) achievement? | Mesopotamia Obscura
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| What did the Kassites, the rulers after Hammurabi's descendants in Babylonia share with Europeans? | Mesopotamia Obscura
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similar religion. The Kassites, though they spoke a Semitic langauge, worshipped a Sun-God.
Mittani. The Hurrian culture of Mittani heavily influenced the Hittites in language and religion.
| Of the Hittites, while King Suppiluliumas (1375-35) made all the headlines in Egypt in Syria, his predecessor Mursilis I, in 1590, had his 15 minutes of fame by invading where? | Mesopotamia Obscura
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Babylon. It is said that this invasion paved the way for the Kassite dominance latter.
| Which city-state would the peoples of the Babylonia areas consider a backwater, until the Assyrians became a full fledged empire with an attitude? | Mesopotamia Obscura
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Ashur. Named after the city's god, Ashur, the Sun God.
Sennacherib. Sennacherib (704-687) added the Greek colony of Cilicia to his reign.
Egypt. He also restored Babylon as a city.
Chaldean and Median. He was the builder of the Hanging Gardens. He lived from BC605-562.
| From which modern day country did the Persian empire have its humble beginnings? | Mesopotamia Obscura
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Iran. Achaemenes is the first listed king of the Persians, but a bright star by the name of Cyrus in 550 could be said to have kick started the Great Empire.
| Like Esarhaddon of the Assyrians, Cyrus's son Cambyses would conquer which land? | Mesopotamia Obscura
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Egypt. In 525, Cambyses and his Iranian nobility had conquered all of the Middle East.
| Who was the Persian king that would start to get serious about those Greeks at the west end of his realm? | Mesopotamia Obscura
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Darius. The Athenians defeated at marathon, 10 years before xerxes invaded.
The Greek citizens of Phocea and Teos fled to the west Mediterranean before Cyrus got there. Darius attempted to conquer the Danude and Scythians on the Russian steppes. After the battle of Marathon, he had to attend to a revolt in Egypt. Xerxes would build up a navy and a massive army to attempt to subjugate the Greek peninsulas.
| Where would the Greek fleets and Persian Armada fight three indecisive sea battles while the famous battle of Thermopylae took place? | Mesopotamia Obscura
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Artemisium. Xerxes had lost so many of his elite guard by the Spartans delaying action at Thermopylae, that he vindictively crucified the already decapitated body of Leonidas the Spartan commander.
Euphrates and Tigris. The Tigris and Euphrates rivers are located in modern-day Iraq. The Karun river is located in modern-day Iran and flows through the Zagros mountains. The Khabur begins in south-eastern Turkey, eventually emptying into the Euphrates river in Syria.
Greek. The acutal word, Mesopotamia, is Greek, further translated from old Persian, Miyanrudan, "the Land between the Rivers", or the Aramaic name, Beth-Nahrin, "two rivers".
Sargon. Sargon is rumored to have conquered the "cedar forests" of Lebanon, much farther to the west. Gudea was a king of Lagash who expanded foreign trade and improved their irrigation system. Menes was an Egyptian ruler, known as the unifier of Upper and Lower Egypt. Urukagina was also a ruler of Lagash from 2415 to 2400 B.C.
Ur revolted against Akkadian Empire - Third Dynasty of Ur. About 2000 B.C. the Third Dynasty of Ur was over, thanks to another Semetic invasion. Hammurabi ruled from 1792 to 1750 B.C. The Babylonian kingdom was invaded by the Hittites and Kassites ca. 1600 B.C.
Land between the rivers. Those two rivers are the Euphrates and Tigris. At one time they emptied into the Persian Gulf separately. That area all silted in and the rivers become what is now known as the Shatt-al-Arab waterway, which empties into the Persian Gulf.
Cuneiform. Hieroglyphs were used in Egypt and Linear A and B on Crete.
Euphrates and Tigris. The Nile and Congo are in Africa, the Tiber and Arno are in Italy while the Indus and Ganges are in India. At one time the Tigris and Euphrates emptied into the Persian Gulf separately. That area all silted in and the rivers become what is now known as the Shatt-al-Arab waterway, which empties into the Persian Gulf.
Memphis. Ancient Memphis was in Egypt, near modern day Cairo. It was the capital of lower Egypt.
Ziggurat. The temple on top of the Ziggurat housed the cult statue of the main city god.
The average person never used the long flight of stairs to get to the top. That was for the priests. Ziggurats are made of mud bricks with layers of reed mats and are solid through and through.
Clay. When you are between two rivers you have a lot of mud and clay. They used a reed stylus to write on the tablets.
Isis. Enlil was air, Enki was lord of the Earth, wisdom, magic and of sweetwaters and rain, Nanna/Sin was the Moon and Isis was a goddess in Egypt.
Hammurabi. The stele now resides in the Louvre. It contains 282 laws.
Hanging Gardens. Hanging Gardens--Babylon, Colossus--Rhodes, Light House--Alexandria and Mausoleum--Halicarnassus.
Nebuchadnezzar built the Hanging Gardens for his wife.
Charles Leonard Wooley. Wooley excavated Ur, Carter worked in Egypt (Tut), Evans in Knossos and Schliemann in Mycenae and Troy.
Nebuchadnezzar. These were one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. He built them for his wife Amytis to remind her of her homeland in Media. The prophet Daniel was called in to interpret his dream about a huge idol with clay feet. (Daniel 2:33-45)
Gudea. Not from Lagash originally, he married Ninalla the daughter of the ruler (Urbaba) Lagash prospered under him. He built many irrigation channels and temples. Twenty-six statues of him still exist.
Gilgamesh. He was the 5th king of Uruk. Was 2/3 god 1/3 human. He goes on a quest for immortality after the death of his friend Enkidu. He never attained it.
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