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The basic excretory unit of the human kidney is:

Nephron. There over a million nephrons in each kidney. These are also called uriniferous tubules. The glomerulus and Bowman's capsule together form the Malpighian Body

Now to the tough stuff. The coronoid process is found in the ?

Ulna. The ulna is a bone of the lower arm. It is longer than the radius and has two processes - the olecranon and the coronoid process.

This is the twelfth cranial nerve in humans. It controls the movement of the tongue. I am talking about?

Hypoglossal. Vagus is the 10th nerve, Abducens is the 6th nerve while occulomotor is the 3rd nerve. Both abducens and occulomotor are motor nerves which control the movement of the eye. Vagus in the other hand is a mixed nerve.

The posterior lobe of the pituitary gland is also known as?

Pars nervosa. The pituitary gland is also known as the master gland of the body since it secretes several hormones which control other organs of our body

The scientific term for movable or synovial joints is?

Diarthrosis. The best example of a diarthrosis joint is the knee joint. Diarthrosis joints are further classified as gliding, hinge, pivot,condyloid, saddle, ball and socket, snap , plane and radial joints

Motor neurons are present in?

Ventral root. Motor neurons carry the impulses from the central nervous system to the effector organ.

What role does aldosterone play in the human body?

Controls reabsorption of sodium ions from primary urine in the kidney. Increased production of aldosterone causes the sodium levels in our body to rise since more sodium ions are reabsorbed from the glomerular filtrate/primary urine.

When the heart beats one can hear a loud sound "lub" which is followed by a shorter softer sound "dub". Now what causes the first louder sound?

The closure of the atrio-ventricular valves. The sino atrial node / the pacemaker initiates the cardiac cycle causing the ventricles to contract and relax. The atrio-venticular valves close when the ventricles contract and the blood is pumped into the aorta and the pulmonary artery . At that time, the aortic and semilunar valves remain open.

The ridges in the cerebrum of the brain are called?

Gyri. Sulci are the grooves that can be found in the cerebrum while corpus callosum is the connective fibre between the two hemispheres of the brain. Girls in general have a larger corpus callosum.... which is why they have a sharper memory.

Time for the toughest. All the vertebrae of humans are?

Amphiplatyan. Amphiplatyan basically means that the vertebrae are flat from both surfaces. There are 33 vertebrae in humans. 7 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 saccral and 4 coccyx that are fused into one.