The Good, the Bad and the Cholesterol

15 Points Per Correct Answer - No time limit  

1. (This quiz is based on US websites and medication.) The two types of “fat” molecules, triglyceride and cholesterol, are carried in microscopic globs in our blood stream such as LDL and HDL. What do these latter two terms stand for? Helpful desirable lipids and literally deadly lipids Huge dietary lipids and little dietary lipids High-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein Half decayed lipids and largely decayed lipids

2. The term “dyslipidemia” is replacing the term “hyperlipidemia” because, whereas “hyperlipidemia” indicates elevated lipid levels, some lipid levels are favorable when high. Which lipid “packet” is considered “good cholesterol”? IDL LDL HDL VLDL

3. Good and bad cholesterol are not the only factors that predict one’s risk of heart attacks and strokes. Which of the following is also predictive of cardiovascular risk? Age and Gender All of these Blood pressure Smoking status

4. One can become confused regarding the effect of gender on coronary risk. Relative to men, women are at considerably less risk, but this relative protection can be overcome. How would a woman have to differ from a non-smoking 50 year old man whose 10 year risk of heart attack or death was 1/10 in order to have the same risk? (The man has total cholesterol of 210, an HDL of 50 and a systolic blood pressure of 140 at age 50) She would only have to be a cigarette smoker. She would merely need to be 20 years older. She would only have to have a blood pressure 20 points higher. She would have to smoke, have blood pressure 20 points higher and be 20 years older.

5. Online risk calculators are available for the estimation of coronary risk. For both the National Cholesterol Education Program’s calculator for men and women and the Reynolds Risk Calculator used for women only, which cholesterol measurements are required? Fasting total cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglyceride Fasting total cholesterol, HDL and LDL Total cholesterol and HDL Fasting total cholesterol, HDL and triglyceride

6. Which risk factor information does the Reynolds calculator of cardiovascular risk for women utilize that the National Cholesterol Education Program’s risk calculator does not? Family history Both of these C-reactive protein Neither of these

7. Which of the following dietary changes could be expected to lower LDL cholesterol? Replacing red meat portions with fish or skinless chicken breast Elimination of cheese and ice cream from a diet high in them All of these Substitution of 1% or non-fat milk for whole milk

8. Which dietary change is most likely to lower HDL cholesterol levels? Increased intake of saturated fat in dairy products Increased fiber intake Reduced carbohydrate intake Increased intake of trans-fatty acids in margarine

9. Niacin has been shown to substantially reduce the risk of coronary events in selected patients. What is NOT a potential advantage of using niacin prescribed by a physician over taking over-the-counter preparations? Reduced cost Reduction in risk of liver damage Optimum dose titration Avoidance of using medication without substantial benefits

10. Proving that an elevated or reduced level of a substance in the blood stream is associated with disease does not insure that treatments that reduce blood levels of the substances will alter the risk or outcome of the disease. Which of the following have studies indicated a lack of connection between medication or dietary changes in blood levels and improvements in disease rates and outcomes? Folic acid induced lowering of homocysteine levels Medication induced reductions of LDL Diet induced reductions of LDL None of the above