Building Blocks of Life: DNA, RNA, and Protein

15 Points Per Correct Answer - No time limit  

1. The "genetic code" in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is based on the order of four nucleic acid bases: adenine, cytosine, guanine and thymine. However, what makes up a complete DNA nucleotide? Nucleic acid (purine or pyrimidine) base Five-carbon, 2'-deoxyribose sugar All of these Phosphate group

2. In the DNA double helix, A bonds to T and C bonds to G. What type of bonds hold these bases together? Peptide bonds Ionic bonds Glycosidic bonds Hydrogen bonds

3. DNA replication can be described as what type of process? Interspersed Conservative Semiconservative Dispersive

4. Transcription is the process of making a complementary RNA strand from a DNA strand. In eukaryotic cells, where does this process take place? Cytoplasm Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Cell membrane Nucleus

5. How is a eukaryotic primary RNA transcript processed before being released from the nucleus as mRNA? Generation of a "cap" at the 5' end Addition of a poly-A tail at the 3' end Splicing of introns from the primary transcript All of these

6. Translation is the process by which proteins are generated from an mRNA sequence by attaching amino acids to one another. Which specific type of RNA includes the anti-codon loop and is bound to a specific amino acid? rRNA pRNA mRNA tRNA

7. There are many different types of compounds which can be classified as amino acids, however, how many different kinds are typically incorporated into proteins? 64 18 20 10

8. What type of bond covalently links amino acids together in order to form a protein or polypeptide? Peptide bond Glycosidic bond Hydrogen bond Van Der Waals forces

9. Translation is carried out on which small cellular structure or organelle? Cell membrane Ribosome Lysosome Vacuole

10. Once a polypeptide is generated through translation, it is folded to make a functional protein molecule. How many levels of structural organization are present in proteins made up of multiple polypeptide subunits? 1 4 2 3