Hitler & the Third Reich: XII - A to Z (Part 1) Quiz

Answer: Atlantic

Once Hitler had taken control of France he arranged for the Atlantic Wall to be constructed. It was constructed to help provide defence against any attempted allied landings launched from the shores of England.
The Atlantic Wall ended up stretching along the coast from France, right up to the Norwegian coastline in the Arctic Circle.

A nice site on the Atlantic Wall can be found here:

http://www.vanderweel.info/atlantikwall/index.htm

Answer: Babi Yar.

A ravine located near Babi Yar was the setting for the executions. Babi Yar was near the Ukrainian city of Kiev which was occupied by the Germans on 19 September, 1941 following some bitter fighting.
Five days later, a bomb went off at the German Headquarters killing a number of German soldiers. Over the following days more bombs exploded and the Jews were blamed for the attacks.

The Germans posted this notice around the city:

"All [Jews] living in the city of Kiev and its vicinity are to report by 8 o'clock on the morning of Monday, September 29th, 1941, at the corner of Melnikovsky and Dokhturov Streets (near the cemetery). They are to take with them documents, money, valuables, as well as warm clothes, underwear, etc. Any [Jew] not carrying out this instruction and who is found elsewhere will be shot".

The Jews arrived at the departure point, believing that they were about to be deported, and were promptly marched towards the ravine. They were slaughtered in their thousands. For the full story see this website:

http://history1900s.about.com/od/holocaust/a/babiyar.htm

Answer: Canada.

The name "Canada" was used because the country was thought to be a "land of plenty".

Answer: Colditz

Prior to WW2 breaking out, the castle was one of the first concentration camps set up by the Nazis. It was used for the imprisonment of Jews, Communists and homosexuals.
After the invasion of Poland, it was used to house Allied prisoners of war.
Those Allied prisoners that had been incarcerated within the walls of Colditz would still make attempts to escape. 130 attempts were made to escape, but only 30 were successful.

A great site to look at is below, it gives some good stories:

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/naziprison/colditz.html

Answer: Düsseldorf speech.

This speech is considered to be one of Hitler's most important speeches.

He was invited to attend the Industry Club in Düsseldorf and spoke for two and a half hours. His speech was well received by those in attendance, and as a result the Nazis obtained massive contributions from the industrialists.

Part of the speech attacked the Bolsheviks. He said, "Communism is more than just a mob storming about in our German streets. It is taking over the entire Asiatic world. Unemployment is driving millions of Germans to look on Communism as the logical theoretical counterpart of their actual economic situation. This is the heart of the German problem. We cannot sure this state of affairs [can be contained] by emergency decrees".

Answer: Editors' Law.

The Editors' Law (or Press Law) was passed on 4 October, 1933 and made every editor within the Third Reich responsible for any anti-Nazi statements made in their publications.
Any newspaper deemed anti-Nazi was banned, and Jews were forbidden from being journalists (except in a handful of specifically Jewish periodicals). The editors had to be "Aryan", and they were forbidden to marry non-Aryans. (The Nazis had for a long time been very preoccupied with "Jews in the media").

Otto Dietrich was the press chief of the Third Reich, and member number 301,349 of the SS.

Answer: He was the Governor-General of occupied Poland.

Hans Frank took part in the Beer Hall Putsch alongside Hitler.
After the fall of Poland he was appointed the Governor-General of occupied Poland. His aim was to eradicate the Jews, and all intellectuals and professionals, from Poland.

Millions of Jews died as a result of his actions, all of which were recorded in over forty of his personal diaries.

Frank was sentenced to death at the Nuremberg Trials.
At the execution one journalist wrote, "Hans Frank was next in the parade of death. He was the only one of the condemned to enter the chamber with a smile on his countenance. And, although nervous and swallowing frequently, this man, who was converted to Roman Catholicism after his arrest, gave the appearance of being relieved at the prospect of atoning for his evil deeds".

Answer: Mildred Gillars.

Gillers was born in America and moved to German in the 1920's to study music. She was nicknamed "Axis Sally" by the American troops, who enjoyed listening to the jazz music she played between propaganda messages.
After the war she spent 12 years in prison for her involvement with the Nazis.

Therese Giehse was an acclaimed actress in Nazi Germany, until they found out about her Jewish heritage.
She fled Germany and did not return until after the war ended.

Lilo Gloeden was executed for harbouring one of the army officers accused of treason following the July Plot (an attempt on Hitler's life) in 1944.

Magda Goebbels was the wife of Joseph Goebbels.

Answer: Listening to foreign radio broadcasts and distributing anti-Nazi leaflets.

His only 'crimes' were listening to foreign radio broadcasts, and passing on to others, in leaflets, what news he had heard from the broadcasts. Convicted of high treason, he was swiftly executed.

Answer: Ilona.

It was first called operation Isabella, but later was changed to Ilona. It was an attack designed to seize the Iberian Peninsula. It never took place and Spain was to remain neutral and unoccupied.