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Quiz about Henry III  King of England
Quiz about Henry III  King of England

Henry III - King of England Trivia Quiz


Henry III reigned for many years and yet remains a largely unknown king. Find out more about his life and times by answering the following questions.

A multiple-choice quiz by Philian. Estimated time: 6 mins.
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Author
Philian
Time
6 mins
Type
Multiple Choice
Quiz #
155,797
Updated
Dec 03 21
# Qns
15
Difficulty
Tough
Avg Score
9 / 15
Plays
623
Awards
Top 35% Quiz
Last 3 plays: Guest 109 (5/15), Guest 203 (7/15), Guest 82 (7/15).
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Question 1 of 15
1. What was the name of Henry III's father who had preceded him on the throne of England? Hint


Question 2 of 15
2. Which of the following is the correct list of Henry III's brothers and sisters? Hint


Question 3 of 15
3. How old was Henry III when he succeeded his father as king? Hint


Question 4 of 15
4. When he came to the throne only one part of England was truly loyal to Henry as king. Which of the following was it? Hint


Question 5 of 15
5. What was the name of the man in his seventies who became Henry III's first adviser and who made all the important political and military decisions until the year 1219? Hint


Question 6 of 15
6. Henry III was actually crowned twice.Where did the first crowning take place? Hint


Question 7 of 15
7. What was the name of Henry III's wife whom he married in Canterbury Cathedral in 1236? Hint


Question 8 of 15
8. Under Henry III a large number of foreign noblemen came to England and acquired important positions at court.Which two countries were most strongly represented by this influx of newcomers? Hint


Question 9 of 15
9. How many children did Henry III and his wife have? Hint


Question 10 of 15
10. Which saint did Henry III wish to honour by installing his shrine in Westminster Abbey? Hint


Question 11 of 15
11. On which of the following did Henry III not spend huge sums of money that he raised by oppressive taxes on his English subjects? Hint


Question 12 of 15
12. What happened in England as a result of the Provisions of Oxford? Hint


Question 13 of 15
13. What happened at the Battle of Lewes? Hint


Question 14 of 15
14. In what way was Simon de Montfort related to Henry III? Hint


Question 15 of 15
15. For how many years did Henry III reign over England? Hint



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Most Recent Scores
Mar 25 2024 : Guest 109: 5/15
Mar 04 2024 : Guest 203: 7/15
Feb 17 2024 : Guest 82: 7/15
Feb 15 2024 : Guest 94: 9/15

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quiz
Quiz Answer Key and Fun Facts
1. What was the name of Henry III's father who had preceded him on the throne of England?

Answer: John

John's second wife was Isabella of Angouleme and she was the mother of all his children including Henry III. John's first wife was also called Isabella (of Gloucester) but that marriage had been annulled.
2. Which of the following is the correct list of Henry III's brothers and sisters?

Answer: Richard, Joan, Isabella and Eleanor

Each of Henry III's siblings achieved some form of distinction. His brother Richard (Earl of Cornwall) was elected King of the Romans in 1256. Joan married Alexander II, the King of Scotland. Eleanor married firstly William Marshall and later Simon de Montfort. Isabella married Frederick II, the Emperor of Germany.
3. How old was Henry III when he succeeded his father as king?

Answer: nine

Henry III was the first monarch to be crowned in his minority. This meant that his early years had to be supervised by a succession of advisers. In those days the main adviser was called the "Rector" of the kingdom rather than the Regent.
4. When he came to the throne only one part of England was truly loyal to Henry as king. Which of the following was it?

Answer: The people and barons of the midlands and the south-west.

The barons of the north were the main ones who had forced Henry's father to agree to the Magna Carta. The barons of the south east and London had invited the Dauphin of France over to become their king. On his side Henry III had some very loyal retainers and he also had the backing of the Pope and most of the Church.
5. What was the name of the man in his seventies who became Henry III's first adviser and who made all the important political and military decisions until the year 1219?

Answer: William the Marshall, Earl of Pembroke

All four men played an important part in Henry III's reign but William the Marshall was his first rector, protector and adviser. His relationship with the royal family was helped by the marriage of his daughter to Richard, Henry III's brother. William the Marshall died in 1219 and his powers were taken over by Hugh de Burgh.
6. Henry III was actually crowned twice.Where did the first crowning take place?

Answer: St. Peter's Abbey, Gloucester Cathedral, Gloucester.

The date of his first crowning was the 28th October,1216. His mother's chaplet was used for the ceremony. A second crowning took place on the 17th May, 1220 at Westminster Abbey in Middlesex. Most historians believe that the first crowning was done to rally support to the new monarch in the face of the foreign invasion.

The second crowning confirmed his more secure position after his enemies had been defeated or bought off.
7. What was the name of Henry III's wife whom he married in Canterbury Cathedral in 1236?

Answer: Eleanor

Eleanor of Provence was the younger sister of the Queen of France. Though Henry and Eleanor appear to have enjoyed a happy family life, the marriage brought problems in the form of the new queen's relations who flocked to England in great numbers and began to acquire lots of the important jobs.
8. Under Henry III a large number of foreign noblemen came to England and acquired important positions at court.Which two countries were most strongly represented by this influx of newcomers?

Answer: France and Italy

As well as the Queen's connections a large number of Frenchmen from Poitou were encouraged by Peter des Roches who had been largely responsible for Henry III's education. Henry III was also a strong supporter of the Pope and many Italians knew they could expect warm greetings and rewards at his court.
9. How many children did Henry III and his wife have?

Answer: 5

Their names were Edward, Margaret, Beatrice, Edmund and Katherine. Edward became Edward I, Edmund (Earl of Lancaster) was known as Crouchback, Margaret married Alexander III of Scotland, and Beatrice who married John, Duke of Brittany.
10. Which saint did Henry III wish to honour by installing his shrine in Westminster Abbey?

Answer: Edward the Confessor

Henry III seemed very aware of the power of art as a form of propaganda. Choosing a king as the saint to honour was a good advertisement for the monarchy. During his reign Henry spent huge sums of money on Gothic art. He took a strong personal interest in each project underway and often issued detailed instructions about how things should be done.
11. On which of the following did Henry III not spend huge sums of money that he raised by oppressive taxes on his English subjects?

Answer: A campaign against the Scots.

Because of the intermarriage of the English and Scottish royal families trouble with Scotland was mostly deferred until Edward I's reign. Particularly resented by the English barons was the way in which taxes raised in England were used to sustain a papal bureacracy all over Europe. Henry III even paid the debts incurred by the Pope on foolish military projects.
12. What happened in England as a result of the Provisions of Oxford?

Answer: Henry III had to agree to a ruling council who made most of the big decisions.

Henry was thus forced to agree to sweeping reforms and to yield some of the major decisions to a fifteen man council. This was one of the first steps towards a parliamentary form of government. Civil War broke out in 1264 when Henry tried to reassert his own autocratic control and renounced the Provisions of Oxford.
13. What happened at the Battle of Lewes?

Answer: Simon de Montfort defeated the Royal Army and captured both Henry III and Edward the heir to the throne.

At Lewes in Sussex Simon de Montfort demonstrated that he was a much more able soldier than Edward, the king's son and leader of the royal army. After the battle de Montfort found himself in charge of the country and attempted to rule with a council of nine men. He then invited knights from each shire and burgesses from selected towns to join in the new form of parliament.
14. In what way was Simon de Montfort related to Henry III?

Answer: He was his brother in law.

Simon de Montfort had married Eleanor,one of Henry III's sisters. She had previously been married to William the Marshall, Earl of Pembroke. For a while de Montfort's power was based on the fact that he had a royal connection and was popular because he agreed with the Provisions of Oxford.

However, when he lost the support of the Earl of Gloucester disaster soon followed and he lost the battle of Evesham and his life.
15. For how many years did Henry III reign over England?

Answer: 56 years

Henry was born on the 1st October 1207 and came to the throne in October 1216. He died on the 16th November, 1272 and thus had one of the longest reigns of any British monarch. Other long reigning rulers include George III at 60 years and Queen Victoria at 64 years.
Source: Author Philian

This quiz was reviewed by FunTrivia editor DakotaNorth before going online.
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