Special Sub-Topic: Military Coups In Europe Click Here To Play: Military Coups In Europe

1967, George Papadoupoulos.

Greece. The 'Greek colonels' seized power 1967 and king Constantine II was exiled. The junta lasted until the Cyprus crisis 1974.

1926, General Gomez da Costa.

Portugal. This was the name of the first coup General in 1926. However, Gomez da Costa was driven from power by General Antonio de Fragoso Carmona who was installed as president the same year. The better known Antonio Salazar was installed in 1932.

1940, Ion Antonescu.

Romania. King Carol II abolished democratic institutions 1930. He abdicated 1940 and Marshal Antonescu gained effective power.

1929, King Alexander I.

Yugoslavia. The king established a Serbian-dominated military dictatorship in 1929. He was assassinated in 1934.

1920, Miklos Horthy.

Hungary. Admiral Horthy restored the Kingdom of Hungary with himself as regent in 1920.

1926, Jozef Pilsudski.

Poland. Pilsudski seized full power in a coup in 1926 and established an autocratic regime.

1926, Antanas Smetona.

Lithuania. Democracy overthrown 1926 by Smetona, who became president.

1934, Karlis Ulmanis.

Latvia. By the coup d'etat by Ulmanis presidential dicatorship was established in 1934.

1934, Konstantin Pats.

Estonia. Pats overthrew parliamentary democracy in a quasi-fascist coup in 1934.

1923, Primo de Rivera.

Spain. General de Rivera established military dictatorship in 1923.

1923, Alexander Tsankov.

Bulgaria. The Agrarian Party government led by Alexander Stamboliski was overthrown and murdered in a right-wing coup in 1923.

1974, Nikos Sampson.

Cyprus. Coup by Greek officers in Cypriot National Guard installed Nikos Sampson as president 1994. Turkey, fearing union between Cyprus and Greece (the so called 'enosis') invaded Northern Cyprus the same year.

1934, Engelbert Dollfuss.

Austria. Coup d'etat in 1934 brought Dollfuss and his pro German 'Fatherland Front' to power.

1928, Ahmed Zogu.

Albania. The dictator Ahmed Zogu made himself president of Albania 1925 and King under the name King Zog in 1928.

1799, Napoleon Bonaparte.

France. Napoleon Bonaparte seized power in a coup in 1799 and crowned himself Emperor in 1804.

1917, Vladimir Iljitsch Lenin.

Russia. The Russian Revolution 1917 began with the overthrow of the Romanov dynasty in February (March by Western calendar). In October (November by Western calendar) Kerensky's government was overthrown in a coup, and the Bolsheviks under Lenin came to power. Soviet Union and USSR would be wrong answers, as the Soviet Union (or USSR) didn't exist until 1922, when the former Russian Empire was renamed Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, or Soviet Union. The Rusian Federation is the name of the new Russian state established after the collapse of the Soviet Union 1991.

1939, Jozef Tiso.

Slovakia. Monsignor Tiso was established as leader of an axis (German) puppet state in Slovakia 1939.

1941, Ante Pavelic.

Croatia. 'Greater Croatia', a Nazi puppet state led by Ante Pavelic was established in 1941.

1943, Benito Mussolini.

Salo Republic. Mussolini established a Fascist dictatorship 1922. The Salo Republic was a shortlived republic in North Italy established by a German coup in 1943. Mussolini was removed from power in 1943 by Allied forces, but was set free by the Germans and became head of this new state. It lasted just for one and a half years. Mussolini was shot by partisans while trying to escape to Switzerland 1945.

1939, Konrad Henlein (civil govt.) and Johannes Blaskowitz.(military govt.)

Bohemia. The remainder of Czechoslovakia annexed by Germany, Bohemia-Moravia, became a German controlled 'protectorate' or puppet state in 1939. Adminstratively, though, they were seperate entities. Konrad Henlein, leader of the Sudeten German Party, was head of civil administration in Bohemia. The military governor here was Johannes Blaskowitz. The other administrative entity was Moravia and Silesia. Military governor here was Wilhelm List, whereas Josef Burckel was leader of the civil administration.