The Double-Headed Eagle

15 Points Per Correct Answer - No time limit  

1. In AD 395, when the Roman Empire was divided into an Eastern and Western Empire with two emperors, the double-headed eagle was adopted as the heraldic creature of both emperors and also of both empires, signifying 'one body with two heads'. True False

2. The oldest known representations of a double-headed eagle were produced by one of these ancient civilizations. Which was it? Greece The Hittites Rome China

3. In which of these regions was the double-headed eagle used most widely in the period c. 1070-1180? Western Europe The German-speaking lands Byzantium The Levant

4. Which of these NEVER included the double-headed eagle in its arms? The Holy Roman Empire The Papacy Byzantium The Patriarchate of Constantinople (Byzantium)

5. In 1472 Muscovy adopted the double-headed eagle in its official insignia. Which of the following statements describes the significance of this most precisely? It represented Muscovy's claim to be the successor to Byzantium The Grand Prince of Muscovy was suffering from delusions of grandeur Muscovy had adopted plans for boundless expansion It was intended as a direct challenge to the Habsburgs

6. Which of these emperors formally and officially incorporated the double-headed eagle in the arms of the Holy Roman Empire? Frederick II (Emperor 'Barbarossa') Sigismund Charles IV Otto I

7. When did Byzantium adopt the double-headed eagle? 395 (original division of the Roman Empire into two parts) 476 (the collapse of the Western Empire) 1261 (return of the Byzantine Emperor from Nicea to Byzantium) 527 (accession of Justinian)

8. Where has the double-headed eagle been found outside the Old World? Colombia and Panama Alaska New Zealand Tasmania

9. The double-headed eagle is black. What is the most common colour of the background in the insignia of the Holy Roman Empire and Byzantium? Green White Gold Light blue

10. Which of these countries revived the double-headed eagle in its national flag in the 20th century? Romania Albania Bulgaria Ukraine