1. Part of Marx's basic understanding of the world was that the development of anything in the material universe, be it an organism, an idea, or a society, is driven by the struggle between opposing forces contained within it. What was the name given to this idea? Surplus value Dianetics Dialectics Diuretics

2. The "direct theoretical premise" of Marx's ideas on development and change was the work of another philosopher, though Marx had to turn this philosopher's ideas "right side up" in order to apply them to material reality. What was this philosopher's name? Hegel Confucius Plato Wittgenstein

3. The struggle between which two opposing forces did Marx say was the main contradiction within capitalist society? Christianity and Atheism the bourgeoisie and the proletariat the workers and the peasants unionized workers and non-unionized workers

4. Complete this sentence from one of Marx's early works: "The philosophers have only interpreted the world, in various ways;____________" the standpoint of the new is human society, or socialized humanity. but the human essence is no abstraction inherent in each single individual. the dispute over the reality or non-reality of thinking isolated from practice is a purely scholastic question. the point, however, is to change it.

5. Marx was the first to rigorously examine the workings of the capitalist system and uncover the mechanics of exploitation. Marx discovered that workers are only paid for a portion of what they produce--basically enough for them to survive and work another day. The rest of what they produce is appropriated by the capitalist. What is this appropriated amount called? surplus value socially necessary labor exploitation labor power

6. Complete the following: "The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of ___________" the works of great men ceaseless oppression class struggle uninterrupted progress

7. Which famous text, authored by Marx with Frederick Engels, begins with the sentence, "A spectre is haunting Europe--the spectre of Communism"? The Civil War in France Capital The Manifesto of the Communist Party Theses on Feuerbach

8. True or false: Marx felt that capitalists could eventually come to an agreement with workers to pay them "a fair day's wage for a fair day's work," an arrangement that would satisfy all parties. True False

9. True or false: Marx thoroughly analyzed imperialism as the main enemy of the working class. True False

10. The communist revolution, which Marx held was the key to the liberation of humanity, represented and required "radical ruptures" with what two kinds of traditions? religion and democracy family values and elections patriarchy and the state traditional property relations and traditional ideas