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Quiz about Hungary under Communist Rule
Quiz about Hungary under Communist Rule

Hungary under Communist Rule Trivia Quiz


This quiz is part of a series I am hoping to do on Eastern European Countries and Communism. If nothing else, it helps me study for my exam. Hope you have fun!

A multiple-choice quiz by allieetal. Estimated time: 4 mins.
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Author
allieetal
Time
4 mins
Type
Multiple Choice
Quiz #
81,772
Updated
Dec 03 21
# Qns
15
Difficulty
Average
Avg Score
9 / 15
Plays
908
Last 3 plays: Guest 96 (4/15), Guest 104 (7/15), blackandgreen (5/15).
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Question 1 of 15
1. Hungary had a brief Communist revolution following World War I which contributed to its territorial losses at the time.


Question 2 of 15
2. Hungarians are Slavic.


Question 3 of 15
3. In what year did the Hungarian government come under complete Communist control following World War II? Hint


Question 4 of 15
4. He was a leading Hungarian "underground" Communist during World War II. As Interior Minister, he presided over the destruction of the Smallholders' Party and the absorption of the Social Democrats by the Hungarian Communist Party. Despite being an ardent Stalinist, he was hanged on October 15, 1949 for treason. Who was he? Hint


Question 5 of 15
5. On October 23, 1956, a demonstration by Budapest students erupted into full-scale revolution. Why were the students demonstrating? Hint


Question 6 of 15
6. Who was the Hungarian Communist party First Secretary at the time of the student protests? Hint


Question 7 of 15
7. This Communist leader was executed in 1958 for having supported the revolutionaries. Who was he? Hint


Question 8 of 15
8. What other international political crisis coincided with the Hungarian Revolution and was deemed by the United States to be of more strategic significance at the time? Hint


Question 9 of 15
9. Who was the Soviet ambassador to Hungary at the time of the revolution? Hint


Question 10 of 15
10. Although he brutally crushed the revolutionary leadership, Janos Kadar went on to preside over the liberalization of the Hungarian economy.


Question 11 of 15
11. What was the NEM? Hint


Question 12 of 15
12. Who succeeded Janos Kadar as the First Secretary of the Communist party in 1988? Hint


Question 13 of 15
13. Who was the first non-Communist Prime Minister of Hungary since prior to World War II? Hint


Question 14 of 15
14. Who was director of the CIA who believed that Americans should provide active military support for the Hungarian revolutionaries in 1956? Hint


Question 15 of 15
15. Radio Free Europe misled the Hungarian revolutionaries by offering them false encouragement about the chances of United States intervention.



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Most Recent Scores
Mar 26 2024 : Guest 96: 4/15
Mar 20 2024 : Guest 104: 7/15
Jan 29 2024 : blackandgreen: 5/15

Score Distribution

quiz
Quiz Answer Key and Fun Facts
1. Hungary had a brief Communist revolution following World War I which contributed to its territorial losses at the time.

Answer: True

Hungary had a Communist Revolution which coincided with the Paris Peace Treaty negotiations (specifically the Trianon Treaty) following World War I. Although it only lasted 133 days and was brutally put down by Admiral Horthy, it is considered to be a major reason why Hungary's territorial losses were so high.

In the inter-war period, some countries outlawed the Communist Party altogether.
2. Hungarians are Slavic.

Answer: False

Hungarians are not a Slavic people. The Hungarian or Magyar language is linguistically related to Finnish. Hungarians have traditionally seen themselves as part of Central, not Eastern Europe (or the Balkans).
3. In what year did the Hungarian government come under complete Communist control following World War II?

Answer: 1948

Unlike in Poland, the Communists showed initial restraint in talking total control of the government. In September 1945, the Hungarian Roman Catholic Primate condemned Marxism without suffering any consequences. The first President of the new republic was Zoltan Tildy, a member of the Smallholders' Party. And the Ministry of the Interior, which exercised control over the state police apparatus, was not placed initially in the hands of a Communist.

Not until the peace treaty with the Allies was signed in February of 1947 did the Communists begin to tighten their control.

In 1948, the crackdown was complete.
4. He was a leading Hungarian "underground" Communist during World War II. As Interior Minister, he presided over the destruction of the Smallholders' Party and the absorption of the Social Democrats by the Hungarian Communist Party. Despite being an ardent Stalinist, he was hanged on October 15, 1949 for treason. Who was he?

Answer: Laszlo Rajk

Laszlo Rajk was arrested for being part of an alleged 'fascist-imperialist' syndicate in late August of 1948. However, Rajk was an ardent Stalinist who became a victim of the internal purges of the Eastern European Communist parties which began in 1947 and continued through the early 1950s. If Rajk was guilty of anything, it was of being overzealous. Between 1945 and 1947, Stalin was trying to stretch out the coalition phases so as not to further upset Great Britain and the United States. The other answers are all names of the individuals who were responsible for Rajk elimination. Rajk was rehabilitated posthumously in March of 1956.
5. On October 23, 1956, a demonstration by Budapest students erupted into full-scale revolution. Why were the students demonstrating?

Answer: To show support for the political revolution taking place in Poland and to urge its emulation by Hungary.

The students were trying to show their solidarity with Poland which was fighting for similar liberalizations; other demands included the restoration of Imre Nagy to power, and a re-evaluation of Hungarian-Soviet relations.
6. Who was the Hungarian Communist party First Secretary at the time of the student protests?

Answer: Erno Gero

Erno Gero had just recently replaced Matyas Rakosi as the First Secretary of the Hungarian Communist party. Gero did concede to the students that Imre Nagy might again become Premier. However, he was shortly thereafter replaced as the party chief by the Soviet Union in favor of Janos Kadar. Milovan Dijilas was an early contemporary of Tito's in Yugoslavia.
7. This Communist leader was executed in 1958 for having supported the revolutionaries. Who was he?

Answer: Imre Nagy

Nagy sided with the revolutionaries. He repudiated Gero's request for military intervention by the Soviet Union; he re-established the multiparty government coalition of 1945; he withdrew Hungary from the Warsaw Pact and he requested United Nations protection.
8. What other international political crisis coincided with the Hungarian Revolution and was deemed by the United States to be of more strategic significance at the time?

Answer: Suez Crisis

The Suez crisis, which threatened to jeopardize American access to the Suez Canal, took precedence over the Hungarian Revolution for American policy makers. Realizing that there was little that the United Nations could do given the Soviet Union's permanent seat on the Security Council, the Americans declined to provide substantial aid to the Hungarians.

The revolution was crushed by Soviet troops in approximately two weeks.
9. Who was the Soviet ambassador to Hungary at the time of the revolution?

Answer: Yuri Andropov

Yuri Andropov was the Soviet ambassador who helped facilitate the Soviet military intervention in Hungary. He provided false reassurances to Hungarian officials while the Soviets amassed fresh troops along the Hungarian borders. He later became head of the KGB and much later succeeded Brezhnev as head of the Soviet Government.
10. Although he brutally crushed the revolutionary leadership, Janos Kadar went on to preside over the liberalization of the Hungarian economy.

Answer: True

After 1962, Janos Kadar began to slowly liberalize Hungarian Communism. He presided over the creation of an economic reform program known as the NEM which included the creation of a second economy in which private enterprises were legal. By 1963, Hungarians were allowed to travel to other countries outside of the Eastern bloc, a policy unheard of in most Eastern European countries.
11. What was the NEM?

Answer: An Economic Reform Program

The NEM, or New Economic Mechanism, was an economic reform program innitiated by the Hungarian government in January of 1968. It allowed for the more efficient distribution of goods, offered incentives/rewards to workers meeting production levels, and allowed for the existence of certain private enterprises such as restaurants, and car repair shops.

Although not successful by Western standards, the NEM did allow Hungarians to achieve more economic growth than most Eastern European countries during the Communist era.
12. Who succeeded Janos Kadar as the First Secretary of the Communist party in 1988?

Answer: Karoly Grosz

Grosz presided over the end of Communism in Hungary.
13. Who was the first non-Communist Prime Minister of Hungary since prior to World War II?

Answer: Jozsef Antall

Jozsef Antall was a member of the Democratic Forum and elected the first prime minister of post-Communist Hungary.
14. Who was director of the CIA who believed that Americans should provide active military support for the Hungarian revolutionaries in 1956?

Answer: Allen Dulles

Allen Dulles wanted the United States to send troops to Hungary. But he was vetoed by Eisenhower and his brother, John Foster Dulles, the U.S. Secretary of State.
15. Radio Free Europe misled the Hungarian revolutionaries by offering them false encouragement about the chances of United States intervention.

Answer: True

Radio Free Europe did offer false hope. It encouraged the revolutionaries to keep fighting, implying that after elections in the United States in November, there would be a new administration that would be more likely to intervene. RFE knew that Eisenhower was not likely to be defeated. And even if a Democratic candidate had defeated Eisenhower, they knew that the Democrats would be even less likely to intervene on the Hungarians' behalf.
Source: Author allieetal

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