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Circulatory and Endocrine Systems Quizzes, Trivia and Puzzles
Circulatory and Endocrine Systems Quizzes, Trivia

Circulatory and Endocrine Systems Trivia

Circulatory and Endocrine Systems Trivia Quizzes

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For quizzes on diseases of the blood or hormone systems of the body.
6 quizzes and 60 trivia questions.
1.
  Anemia Comes In All Sizes   best quiz  
Multiple Choice
 10 Qns
Anemia is often categorized by red cell size to assist in identification of the cause. See if you can determine the cause of anemia in the following examples.
Difficult, 10 Qns, uglybird, Nov 18 18
Difficult
uglybird
Nov 18 18
2187 plays
2.
  My Red, Red Blood   popular trivia quiz  
Multiple Choice
 10 Qns
Hematology is the branch of medicine that deals with blood and its disorders. Let's learn something about this interesting science and about some other conditions related to the blood.
Easier, 10 Qns, Saleo, Nov 18 18
Recommended for grades: 9,10,11
Easier
Saleo
Nov 18 18
535 plays
3.
  Hormones and Gland Diseases   top quiz  
Multiple Choice
 10 Qns
Endocrine glands and their hormones (or decrease thereof) can cause serious diseases. This quiz is the 'tip of the iceberg' regarding endocrine diseases. It's difficult but possibly worth a try.
Tough, 10 Qns, YOMD39, Feb 29 20
Tough
YOMD39
Feb 29 20
4616 plays
4.
  Blood Cell Disorders    
Match Quiz
 10 Qns
Match the blood cell disorder with its description
Average, 10 Qns, bwfc10, Apr 28 20
Average
bwfc10
Apr 28 20
158 plays
5.
  Adrenal Diseases and Dysfunction    
Multiple Choice
 10 Qns
Here's on the adrenal glands. My medical background is as a paramedic, my endocrine background is as an Addison's Disease patient. Hope you learn something!
Tough, 10 Qns, lesleyrose, Feb 22 23
Tough
lesleyrose
Feb 22 23
2350 plays
6.
  Hematology    
Multiple Choice
 10 Qns
Hematology is the study of blood, where you learn the function of the red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets and the disorders that can occur. This quiz is for hematologists.
Tough, 10 Qns, keijjie, Feb 17 20
Tough
keijjie
Feb 17 20
173 plays
trivia question Quick Question
Christmas disease causes excessive bleeding. It is one of the two types of which of the following disorders?

From Quiz "My Red, Red Blood"





Circulatory and Endocrine Systems Trivia Questions

1. Hemoglobin is a protein found in our red blood cells. We must have a certain amount. Which hemoglobin level indicates that the patient requires a transfusion?

From Quiz
Hematology

Answer: 7 g/dL

A level of 7 g/dL means the person has severe anemia and requires a blood transfusion. 16-18 g/dL is the range for a male. At 10 g/dL, the person has mild anemia.

2. Which disease is the hyperfunction of the adrenal glands?

From Quiz Adrenal Diseases and Dysfunction

Answer: Cushing's Syndrome

3. A peripheral blood smear is a slide made from a drop of a person's blood. This is then stained and observed under the microscope. In megaloblastic anemia, what would you find in the peripheral blood smear?

From Quiz Hematology

Answer: hypersegmented neutrophils and macroovalocytes

Larger red blood cells (macroovalocytes) and hypersegmented neutrophils are characteristic of megaloblastic anemia. Microcytes are typical of iron deficiency anemia. Hypolobulated neutrophils (e.g., Pinz-nez) are often seen in inherited conditions.

4. This polyendocrine disorder can include an underactive thyroid gland, diabetes mellitus, and hypoadrenal function.

From Quiz Adrenal Diseases and Dysfunction

Answer: Schmidt's Syndrome

5. What endocrine gland is involved in causing diabetes insipidus?

From Quiz Hormones and Gland Diseases

Answer: Pituitary

A deficiency of ADH from the pituitary gland causes the kidneys to excrete large amounts of urine, which can lead to serious dehydration. The urine does not contain glucose (body sugar).

6. Some conditions are associated with chromosomal abnormalities. These are abnormalities where there are incorrect numbers of chromosomes or an alteration of a chromosome. Which chromosomal abnormality is found in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)?

From Quiz Hematology

Answer: Philadelphia chromosome

The Philadelphia chromosome results from a balanced translocation between chromosomes 9 and 21. The altered chromosome 21 with the bcr-abl fusion gene is strongly associated with CML. The other conditions are due to extra chromosomes and are not related to CML.

7. What is the occurrence of Addison's disease worldwide?

From Quiz Adrenal Diseases and Dysfunction

Answer: 1 in 100,000 people

Yes, this is a rare one. Addison's disease also has no predominant age of onset and affects both sexes equally. There is no evidence that it runs in families.

8. Acromegaly is caused by an excess secretion of which pituitary hormone?

From Quiz Hormones and Gland Diseases

Answer: Growth Hormone (GH)

When the excess secretion of GH occurs in adults, all of the flat bones become thickened, the hands are usually broad and spade-like, and the paranasal sinus are markedly enlarged. There is no abnormal increase in body height.

9. What is the composition of the protein chains of hemoglobin A1?

From Quiz Hematology

Answer: alpha 2, beta 2

Each hemoglobin consists of four globin chains. The most common adult hemoglobin, Hgb A1 consists of 2 alpha and 2 beta chains. Alpha2 delta 2 is the composition of Hgb A2; alpha2 gamma 2 makes up fetal hemoglobin; beta 4 is the composition of an abnormal hemoglobin in alpha thalassemias.

10. What is the term used for reduction in the number of white blood cells (WBCs) in the blood?

From Quiz My Red, Red Blood

Answer: Leukopenia

Leukopenia is the term used for the state in which there is an abnormally low number of white blood cells in the blood. This condition can be seen in diseases like advanced human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) infection or toxicities of drugs like chloramphenicol and anti-cancer drugs. Leukopenia can be diagnosed by taking a complete blood count from a sample of a patient's blood. Treatment would involve identifying the underlying cause of leukopenia.

11. What disease, in humans and animals, is caused by an abnormal increase in the production of pituitary adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)?

From Quiz Hormones and Gland Diseases

Answer: Cushing's Disease

ACTH stimulates the cortex of the adrenal glands which results in a marked increase in the synthesis of adrenal steroids (cortisols). Patients who receive too much cortisone-like medication over a long period of time develop manifestations similar to Cushing's disease.

12. What globin chain is lacking in beta thalassemias?

From Quiz Hematology

Answer: beta chain

In thalassemias, one of the adult hemoglobin chains is not produced or produced in lesser amounts. In beta thalassemias, the beta chain is not made. As a result, Hb A1 (alpha 2 beta 2), the major adult hemoglobin is not made. This leads to major organ damage, growth retardation and anemia. The zeta chain is only made in embryonic life.

13. Secondary adrenal insufficiency is related to what other endocrine gland?

From Quiz Adrenal Diseases and Dysfunction

Answer: pituitary gland

Secondary adrenal insufficiency is usually secondary to a pituitary malfunction such as a pituitary tumor, pituitary disease, or prolonged use of a steriod medication which affects the gland's normal ACTH secretion.

14. In which animal is Cushing's disease most common?

From Quiz Hormones and Gland Diseases

Answer: Dogs

In humans the disease occurs in only about 10 persons per one million population. It is more common in dogs than cats.

15. Brain hemorrhage occurs when platelet levels are below which level?

From Quiz Hematology

Answer: 30,000/microliter

Platelets or thromobocytes are tiny "cells" which initiate the blood clotting process in response to cuts or tissue trauma. The normal level of platelets is 150-400,000 per microliter. With lower levels of platelets petechiae or hemorrhages under the skin are seen. Very low platelet levels cause spontaneous internal hemorrhages including fatal brain hemorrhages.

16. A 23-year-old woman with heavy periods is found to have a mild anemia with moderate reduction of red cell size. What is the most likely cause of the woman's anemia?

From Quiz Anemia Comes In All Sizes

Answer: Iron deficiency

Iron deficiency is the most common cause of a small-celled (microcytic) anemia. As was mentioned in the information section of question #1, developing red blood cells begin in the bone marrow with scant cytoplasm and contain no hemoglobin. As the cell develops, the cell nucleus shrinks and is extruded from the cell. The non-nucleated cell is released from the bone marrow into the circulation. While this is happening, the volume of cytoplasm expands and hemoglobin is synthesized. When adequate iron is unavailable, the nucleus matures and is extruded leading to release of the blood cell into the circulation and the cessation of hemoglobin synthesis before there is adequate hemoglobin or the usual volume of cytoplasm. Because of this, the cells are much smaller than normal. Other processes that interfere with adequate hemoglobin synthesis can produce microcytic anemia.

17. The most common cause of Primary Addison's Disease is?

From Quiz Adrenal Diseases and Dysfunction

Answer: autoimmunity

Autoimmunity, the body's strange abitily to attack and damage its own tissues, is the cause of most cases of Addison's Disease.

18. In what endocrine gland are the Islets of Langerhans located?

From Quiz Hormones and Gland Diseases

Answer: Pancreas

The cells in the Islets of Langerhans produce insulin. Lack of insulin production in children or a decreased release of insulin in adults causes diabetes mellitus (Usually just called diabetes).

19. What causes megaloblastic anemia?

From Quiz Hematology

Answer: Vitamin B12 deficiency

Vitamin B12 and/or folate deficiency causes megaloblastic anemia. This results from the precursor cells not being able to make DNA properly. The red cell precursors will have nuclear-cytoplasmic asynchronu=y where the cytoplasm matures faster than the nucleus. The resulting cells are larger than normal (megaloblastic). Iron (Fe) deficiency causes a microcytic anemia where the red blood cells are too small. Vitamin C deficiency causes scurvy while vitamin A deficiency causes skin problems and night blindness.

20. The mineralocorticoid hormones regulate what critical biochemical balance?

From Quiz Adrenal Diseases and Dysfunction

Answer: sodium and potassium balance

Sodium and potassium are electrolytes that, when not in a correct ratio, can have a serious affect on the heart rate and blood pressure. In Addison's Disease, the patient cannot retain soduim. This results in strong cravings for salt and salty foods. It also causes the body to retain potassium which can result in cardiac arrythmias and hypotension.

21. What hormones cause the clinical manifestations of Graves disease (aka diffuse toxic goiter)?

From Quiz Hormones and Gland Diseases

Answer: Thyroid hormones

Graves disease is an autoimmune disease and with damage to the thyroid cells, the gland enlarges (goiter) and there is an increase secretion of triiodothyroxin and tetraiodothytroxin into the blood stream. Bulging eyes often occur in this disease.

22. Lymphocytes are a type of white blood cell. Like all blood cells, they are formed in the bone marrow. Where do lymphocytes mature?

From Quiz Hematology

Answer: Bone marrow and thymus

The bone marrow is where B lymphocytes mature and the thymus is where T lymphocytes mature. The spleen is a secondary lymphoid organ and is an organ where blood cells are stored. The liver is an important organ with many functions but lymphocytes do not mature here.

23. CAH stands for what?

From Quiz Adrenal Diseases and Dysfunction

Answer: congenital adrenal hyperplasia

CAH, or congenital adrenal hyperplasia, most often results from hyposecretion of an adrenal enzyme called 21-hydroxylase.

24. What endocrine gland is involved in the clinical condition know as myxedema?

From Quiz Hormones and Gland Diseases

Answer: Thyroid

A prolonged decrease in the serum levels of thyroid hormones eventually results in myxedema. All of the symptoms of hypothyroidism precede the development of this unusual edema which does not 'pit' when pressed with a finger.

25. Sickle cell anemia is an inherited condition which is autosomal recessive. Due to a mutation in the DNA of the beta globin gene, the beta globin chain has what amino acid change in position 6?

From Quiz Hematology

Answer: glutamic acid to valine

The change of a polar amino acid (glutamic acid) to a non-polar amino acid (valine) exposes a hydrophobic pocket in the hemoglobin protein. Because of this, the Hemoglobin molecules form long fibers and distort the red blood cell shape under low Oxygen concentrations. A person must inherit 2 of the defective alleles from each parent to have sickle cell anemia. The DNA of a gene is transcribed to mRNA which is then translated to a protein. In this case, the defect in the gene is manifested by an abnormal protein.

26. If a blood vessel like an artery is damaged, the blood pours out from it into the surrounding body parts. What is this called?

From Quiz My Red, Red Blood

Answer: Hemorrhage

Hemorrhage occurs when there is damage to a blood vessel and blood oozes into the surrounding tissue. This is especially common after trauma to parts of the body. It is dangerous if a large blood vessel, like the aorta, is damaged and also if the hemorrhage occurs inside the head or cranium. Most massive hemorrhages require surgery to be corrected. In these surgeries, the blood that is outside the vessel is removed and the blood vessel is repaired.

27. Which endocrine gland does NOT stimulate the production of testosterone or actually synthesize the male hormone?

From Quiz Hormones and Gland Diseases

Answer: Thyroid

Both pituitary (LH) and pituitary (FSH) stimulate testosterone production in the testes. The ovaries produce small amounts of androgens.

28. Auer rods are seen in which type of leukemia?

From Quiz Hematology

Answer: Acute myeloid leukemia

Auer rods are formed from the nonspecific granules in the cytoplasm of myeloid precursors (the white blood cells that are not lymphoid) fusing together. They are highly specific for myeloid leukemias. Megakaryocytic leukemia is from neoplasia of a megakaryoblast (a platelet precursor).

29. A solid clot can form inside a blood vessel. Sometimes, this solid clot can dislodge and be carried to different sites in the body and cause tissue damage. What is this dangerous process known as?

From Quiz My Red, Red Blood

Answer: Embolism

Embolism occurs commonly when a dislodged clot from inside the blood vessel is carried by blood to a distant site in the body. This clot that is carried by the blood is called an embolus. An embolus can be other solids like hair or fat, liquids like amniotic fluid and it can also be a gas like nitrogen. An embolism is dangerous and can lead to complications like infarction, in which the blood supply to a certain part of the body is blocked off by the embolus, which further leads to death of the tissue with no blood supply. When this happens in the heart, it is called myocardial infarction.

30. A trauma patient has suffered serious blood loss two hours before a blood count is obtained. What would one expect the size of the patient's blood cells to be?

From Quiz Anemia Comes In All Sizes

Answer: Normal

If hemorrhage is acute, no change in cell size will have occurred. In fact, a specimen obtained soon enough after traumatic blood loss will still show normal blood counts. The drop in blood count occurs because blood volume is reconstituted with interstitial body fluids that contain no blood cells thus diluting the blood count.

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Last Updated Mar 23 2024 5:50 AM
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