The southernmost settlement in the world (excluding Antarctic research bases) is Puerto Toro, located on the eastern coast of Navarino Island in southern Chile at a latitude of about 55° 04?59? S, in the commune of Cabo de Hornos. According to a 2002 census, Puerto Toro had a permanent population of 36. Because it is permanently inhabited by civilians (fishermen and their families), and not just a research or seasonal base, it holds the title of "southernmost permanently inhabited place on Earth".
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