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Quiz about Mighty Monarchs III the Crusades
Quiz about Mighty Monarchs III the Crusades

Mighty Monarchs III (the Crusades) Quiz


Mighty Monarchs III covers the various participants in the First (1095-1099 AD), Second (1147-1149 AD), Third (1189-1192 AD), and Fourth (1202-1204 AD) Crusades to the Holy Land. Interesting odds and ends included. Good Luck!

A multiple-choice quiz by hund. Estimated time: 9 mins.
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Author
hund
Time
9 mins
Type
Multiple Choice
Quiz #
70,572
Updated
Dec 03 21
# Qns
25
Difficulty
Tough
Avg Score
14 / 25
Plays
1780
Awards
Top 20% Quiz
Last 3 plays: Guest 92 (20/25), Bymeself (14/25), Guest 37 (21/25).
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Question 1 of 25
1. Prelude to the Crusades! The total defeat and capture of this Byzantine Emperor at the Battle of Manzikert (Aug 19, 1071 AD) by Alp Arslan, Seljuk Sultan of Rum, proved to Western monarchs that Byzantium had forfeited the right to be the defenders of the Holy Land. Which Emperor was it? Hint


Question 2 of 25
2. This Byzantine Emperor made the fateful mistake of sending an embassy (March 1095 AD) to Pope Urban II asking for aid from the West to help against the Seljuk Turks. Which Emperor was it? Hint


Question 3 of 25
3. After Pope Urban II had declared a Holy Crusade, a motley collection of lesser nobility and common people launched the so-called 'People's Crusade' in 1095 AD. Which individual was nominally their leader?

Answer: (Three Words (think of a crab))
Question 4 of 25
4. Before crossing into Imperial territory the 'People's Crusade' stopped in the town of Belgrade (part of the Kingdom of Hungary). A riot between the 'Crusaders' and the Hungarians soon broke out which resulted in the death of about 4000 Hungarians. Which event began the riot? Hint


Question 5 of 25
5. Firuz, after being recently fined by the authorities for blackmarketeering, betrayed this Turkish city to Bohemond, Prince of Taranto (leader of the Norman contingent from southern Italy) on the evening of June 3, 1098 AD. Which city was it? Hint


Question 6 of 25
6. Pope Urban II would not live to hear the news of this city's capture by the First Crusade on July 15, 1099 AD. Which city was it? Hint


Question 7 of 25
7. After this Crusade Leader was declared 'King of Jerusalem' (Jul 17, 1099 AD) he reportedly said 'I will not wear a crown of gold where my master had worn a crown of thorns.' Which individual was it? Hint


Question 8 of 25
8. The fall of this city on December 24, 1144 AD to the Muslims under Zengi, prompted Pope Eugenius III to declare the Second Crusade in 1145 AD. Which city was it? Hint


Question 9 of 25
9. The French Crusaders of the Second Crusade (1147-1149 AD) were led by their king. Which King of France was it? Hint


Question 10 of 25
10. The German Crusaders of the Second Crusade (1147-1149 AD) were led by the Holy Roman Emperor. Which Emperor was it? Hint


Question 11 of 25
11. The French King had taken his wife along on the Second Crusade. She would eventually divorce him and marry a King of England. What was her name?

Answer: ( One Word ...she was Duchess of Aquitaine )
Question 12 of 25
12. This Muslim leader declared a Islamic Holy War (1187 AD) to crush the Crusader States established in the Holy Land after the First Crusade. Which individual was it? Hint


Question 13 of 25
13. Richard I, the Lion-Hearted, King of England (r. 1189-1199 AD), was one of the famous leaders of the Third Crusade (1189-1192 AD) and a legendary hero in British folklore. Which of the following is NOT true? Hint


Question 14 of 25
14. This French King was the other famous leader of the Third Crusade (1189-1192 AD). During his reign (1180-1223 AD) he would greatly consolidate and strengthen the French monarchy. Which King of France was it? Hint


Question 15 of 25
15. Richard I, King of England, brought the Third Crusade (1189-1192 AD) to a successful conclusion when he forced Saladin to sign a peace treaty giving back the city of Jersalem (captured by Saladin in 1187 AD) to Christendom. True or False?


Question 16 of 25
16. The Fourth Crusade (1202-1204 AD) was primarily led by this Italian maritime power. Which city was it? Hint


Question 17 of 25
17. The first city to fall to the Fourth Crusade (1202-1204 AD) was Zara, a Christian port on the Adriatic Sea. Why? Hint


Question 18 of 25
18. This famous city of the Byzantine Empire fell to the Fourth Crusade (1202-1204 AD) after only a six day siege and was systematically plundered. Which Imperial city was it? Hint


Question 19 of 25
19. The Fifth Crusade (1217-1221 AD) was directed towards the Ayoubid Sultanate of Egypt. The Crusaders would lay siege to the city of Damietta from May 1218-Nov 1219 AD. During the siege which future Saint would act as a mediator between the Christian leaders and Sultan al-Kamil? Hint


Question 20 of 25
20. The Sixth Crusade (1228-1229 AD) was led by this excommunicated Holy Roman Emperor. His prestige (he was known as 'Stupor Mundi' Wonder of the World) quickly gained him a peaceful settlement with Sultan al-Kamil after being in the Holy Land for only five months. Which Emperor was it? Hint


Question 21 of 25
21. The Seventh Crusade (1248-1254 AD) was led by Louis IX, the Saint, King of France, and was once again directed at Egypt. Louis IX was defeated and captured at the Battle of Abu Abdulla (Apr 6, 1250 AD) but was soon released (May 6, 1250 AD) after agreeing to return which recently captured city? Hint


Question 22 of 25
22. The Eighth Crusade (1270 AD) was again led by Louis IX but was directed against Tunis in northern Africa. While laying siege to Carthage (Jul-Aug) what happened to Louis? Hint


Question 23 of 25
23. The Ninth Crusade (1271-1272 AD) was led by Prince Edward of England and accomplished nothing tangible. Edward though would become King of England in 1272 AD and be better known in history as...? Hint


Question 24 of 25
24. This crusade was preached in France and Germany by two young boys (1212 AD) and was not officially sanctioned by Pope Innocent III. It was the Children's Crusade.


Question 25 of 25
25. The Albigensian Crusade (1208-1229 AD) was officially sanctioned by Pope Innocent III (he was very enthusiastic about this crusade). But it was not a crusade to the Holy Land or even to fight Muslims. It was directed at southern France and sought the extinction of which Christian heresy? Hint



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Quiz Answer Key and Fun Facts
1. Prelude to the Crusades! The total defeat and capture of this Byzantine Emperor at the Battle of Manzikert (Aug 19, 1071 AD) by Alp Arslan, Seljuk Sultan of Rum, proved to Western monarchs that Byzantium had forfeited the right to be the defenders of the Holy Land. Which Emperor was it?

Answer: Romanus IV

Romanus IV (r. 1067-1071 AD) was captured and his army (more precisely those soldiers that did not desert or abruptly change sides during the battle) were massacred. He would be released after less than a month (the Sultan wanted a weak and grateful monarch on the Byzantine throne). During his brief captivity Michael VII (r. 1071-1078 AD) had assumed the throne and had Romanus hunted down and blinded before he could reach Constantinople. Nicephorus III (r. 1078-1081 AD) would continue to lose ground to the Turks. Alexius I (r. 1081-1118 AD) would begin to turn the tide during his reign.
2. This Byzantine Emperor made the fateful mistake of sending an embassy (March 1095 AD) to Pope Urban II asking for aid from the West to help against the Seljuk Turks. Which Emperor was it?

Answer: Alexius I

Alexius I (r. 1081-1118 AD) is considered the founder of the Comnenus Dynasty (even though his uncle Isaac I had been emperor earlier 1057-1059 AD). He was succeeded by his son, John II (r. 1118-1143 AD), his grandson, Manuel I (r. 1143-1180 AD), his great-grandson, Alexius II (r. 1180-1183 AD), and finally by a another grandson, Andronicus I (r. 1183-1185 AD).
3. After Pope Urban II had declared a Holy Crusade, a motley collection of lesser nobility and common people launched the so-called 'People's Crusade' in 1095 AD. Which individual was nominally their leader?

Answer: Peter the Hermit

After Urban II declared the First Crusade at the Council of Clermont (Nov 18-28, 1095 AD), Peter began to preach around France. He would also travel to Germany gathering more pilgrims. He reportedly arrived (Jun 1096 AD) at the border of the Byzantine Empire with about 60,000 people.
4. Before crossing into Imperial territory the 'People's Crusade' stopped in the town of Belgrade (part of the Kingdom of Hungary). A riot between the 'Crusaders' and the Hungarians soon broke out which resulted in the death of about 4000 Hungarians. Which event began the riot?

Answer: an argument over the price of a pair of shoes

Shoes?
5. Firuz, after being recently fined by the authorities for blackmarketeering, betrayed this Turkish city to Bohemond, Prince of Taranto (leader of the Norman contingent from southern Italy) on the evening of June 3, 1098 AD. Which city was it?

Answer: Antioch

Firuz was on watch in one of the towers when he lowered ladders down allowing a small contingent of Norman soldiers to gain access. They quickly seized the tower's gate and opened it. Before the sleeping citizens knew it the streets were filled with rampaging Normans. Bohemond, contrary to an earlier oath, would not return the city to Alexius I, Byzantine Emperor.
6. Pope Urban II would not live to hear the news of this city's capture by the First Crusade on July 15, 1099 AD. Which city was it?

Answer: Jerusalem

The Crusaders first sighted Jerusalem on Tuesday June 7, 1099 AD. The siege began that very day and lasted til July 15, 1099 AD. After the city fell there was a wholesale massacre of the entire Muslim and Jewish population.
7. After this Crusade Leader was declared 'King of Jerusalem' (Jul 17, 1099 AD) he reportedly said 'I will not wear a crown of gold where my master had worn a crown of thorns.' Which individual was it?

Answer: Godfrey of Bouillon, Duke of Lower Lorraine

Godfrey would refuse to use the title of 'king.' Instead he took the title 'Advocatus Sancti Sepulchri' (Protector of the Holy Sepulchre).
8. The fall of this city on December 24, 1144 AD to the Muslims under Zengi, prompted Pope Eugenius III to declare the Second Crusade in 1145 AD. Which city was it?

Answer: Edessa

It would take the Pope a year to gather enough support from the monarchs of Europe before he officially declared the crusade (Dec 1, 1145 AD). He was aided in his efforts by St. Bernard of Clairvaux.
9. The French Crusaders of the Second Crusade (1147-1149 AD) were led by their king. Which King of France was it?

Answer: Louis VII, the Young

Louis VII (r. 1137-1180 AD) was the son of Louis VI (r. 1108-1137 AD). Louis VIII reigned 1223-1226 AD). Louis IX (r. 1226-1270 AD) would lead the Seventh (1248-1254 AD) and the Eighth (1270 AD) Crusades.
10. The German Crusaders of the Second Crusade (1147-1149 AD) were led by the Holy Roman Emperor. Which Emperor was it?

Answer: Conrad III

Conrad III (r. 1138-1152 AD) was accompanied by his nephew Frederick, Duke of Swabia, on the crusade. Frederick would succeed his uncle as Holy Roman Emperor and reign til 1189 AD.
11. The French King had taken his wife along on the Second Crusade. She would eventually divorce him and marry a King of England. What was her name?

Answer: Eleanor

Considered one of history's greatest women! She would be Duchess of Aquitaine (r. 1137-1204 AD), Queen of France (1137-1152 AD), and finally Queen of England (1152-1189 AD). She ruled Aquitaine in her own right and both of her husbands (Louis VII of France and Henry II of England) would assume the title of 'Duke', but because she inherited the duchy from her father (Duke William X r. 1127-1137 AD) she would be the primary ruler (in theory).

She would associate her and Henry's son, Richard (the Lion-Hearted), in the rule of the duchy from 1172-1199 AD.
12. This Muslim leader declared a Islamic Holy War (1187 AD) to crush the Crusader States established in the Holy Land after the First Crusade. Which individual was it?

Answer: Salah al-Deen

Better known in Western history books as Saladin. Known to be fair and just to those he defeated he did have a savage streak. Upon defeating and capturing Guy, King of Jerusalem, at the 'Horns of Hattin' (Jul 4, 1187 AD) he had an audience with the king and the other leading captive nobles. Saladin, sensing the king's thirst, handed Guy a cup of water.

After drinking, Guy handed the cup to Reynald of Chatillon who proceeded to take a drink. In Muslim society to offer a defeated enemy food or drink meant that his life would be safe. Saladin, remembering Reynald's past behavior, began to shout that Guy had offered him the water and, seizing a sword, personally chopped off his head. Saladin quickly reassured Guy that he was safe ('a king does not kill a king').
13. Richard I, the Lion-Hearted, King of England (r. 1189-1199 AD), was one of the famous leaders of the Third Crusade (1189-1192 AD) and a legendary hero in British folklore. Which of the following is NOT true?

Answer: after departing the Holy Land he traveled to Rome for an interview with Pope Celestine III

Upon departing the Holy Land his ship sank, forcing him to travel overland through the Duchy of Austria. He was seized by Leopold V, Duke of Austria, on December 11, 1192 AD for his insulting behavior towards the duke at the Siege of Acre. Interlude - after the successful capture of Acre by the Third Crusade, Leopold had raised his standard next to those of King Richard and King Philip II of France. Richard seized the standard and threw it in the dirt saying that no mere duke should be so arrogant. Leopold would soon depart the Holy Land seething with revenge. Back to the story - Leopold would turn his royal captive over to his own overlord Henry VI, Holy Roman Emperor, in March 1193 AD. Second interlude - Richard was the brother-in-law of Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony (one of the Emperor's primary enemies). Back to the story - He would be released in March 1194 AD after agreeing to pay a huge ransom.

He imposed harsh taxes on his people to keep his word. Epilogue - in reality he only saw his English Kingdom as a 'cash cow' to finance his Crusading dreams and his continental policies.

He spoke little or no English. And he actually did only spent 6 months in his kingdom.
14. This French King was the other famous leader of the Third Crusade (1189-1192 AD). During his reign (1180-1223 AD) he would greatly consolidate and strengthen the French monarchy. Which King of France was it?

Answer: Philip II, Augustus

Personally Philip and Richard were friendly towards one another. But when it came time to put the interests of their kingdoms first, they were the bitterest of enemies.
15. Richard I, King of England, brought the Third Crusade (1189-1192 AD) to a successful conclusion when he forced Saladin to sign a peace treaty giving back the city of Jersalem (captured by Saladin in 1187 AD) to Christendom. True or False?

Answer: False

The Third Crusade, though the most famous Crusade, was overall a failure. On Sep 2, 1192 AD Richard and Saladin signed a truce which would allow Christian pilgrims free and safe passage to visit the Holy City. He would depart for Europe (Oct 9, 1192 AD) refusing even to visit the city that he had failed to reclaim for Christendom.
16. The Fourth Crusade (1202-1204 AD) was primarily led by this Italian maritime power. Which city was it?

Answer: Venice

The Republic of Venice, sometimes referred to as the Republic of St. Mark (their patron saint), was led by the Doge (Duke) Enrico Dandolo (r. 1192-1205 AD). He was responsible for diverting the Crusade away from Egypt and towards the conquest of Constantinople.
17. The first city to fall to the Fourth Crusade (1202-1204 AD) was Zara, a Christian port on the Adriatic Sea. Why?

Answer: the Crusaders were unable to repay Venice for its support

Venice wished to add Zara, its trade rival in the Adriatic, to its maritime empire. Enrico Dandolo, Doge (Duke) of Venice, demanded that the Crusaders capture the city, since they still had not provided the money they had promised him. The city fell on Nov 15, 1202 AD. Upon hearing the news Pope Innocent III would excommunicate the Venetians but not the Crusaders.
18. This famous city of the Byzantine Empire fell to the Fourth Crusade (1202-1204 AD) after only a six day siege and was systematically plundered. Which Imperial city was it?

Answer: Constantinople

They actually accomplished two successful sieges of Constantinople during the Crusade. They first laid siege to the capital in order to overthrow Alexius III and restore his brother, Isaac II, to the throne (along with Isaac's son Alexius IV). The walls of the city were breached on July 17, 1203 AD and Alexius III fled the city. Isaac II and Alexius IV assumed the throne.

They would themselves be overthrown by a son-in-law of Alexius III in Feb 1204 AD. This man was yet another Alexius and was crowned Alexius V.

The Crusaders, who still had not been paid for restoring Isaac and his son to the throne, demanded redress from the new emperor (with no results). The second siege of Constantinople began on Apr 6, 1204 AD and ended six days later. This time the Crusaders showed no mercy! They would strip the churches bare and desecrate their altars.

A prostitute sat on the throne of the Patriarch (of the Greek Orthodox Church) and sang dirty songs.
19. The Fifth Crusade (1217-1221 AD) was directed towards the Ayoubid Sultanate of Egypt. The Crusaders would lay siege to the city of Damietta from May 1218-Nov 1219 AD. During the siege which future Saint would act as a mediator between the Christian leaders and Sultan al-Kamil?

Answer: Francis of Assisi

Sultan al-Kamil would offer to return the city of Jerusalem (in Muslim hands since 1187 AD) if the Crusaders would evacute Egypt. THEY REFUSED!
20. The Sixth Crusade (1228-1229 AD) was led by this excommunicated Holy Roman Emperor. His prestige (he was known as 'Stupor Mundi' Wonder of the World) quickly gained him a peaceful settlement with Sultan al-Kamil after being in the Holy Land for only five months. Which Emperor was it?

Answer: Frederick II

Frederick II had been excommunicated by Pope Gregory IX (c. 1227 AD) for failing to depart for the Holy Land at an earlier date. The Treaty of Jaffa (Feb 18, 1229 AD) gave the cities of Jerusalem, Bethlehem, and Nazareth back to the Christians. Once in Jerusalem he crowned himself King of Jerusalem (on Mar 18, 1229 AD) though his son technically was king. Reason - Frederick's wife, Isabella, was the daughter of John I, of Brienne, the last King of Jerusalem, and the title came through her. Thus Frederick had been considered the uncrowned king since his marriage in 1225 AD but when his son, Conrad, was born in 1228 AD the child legally received the title. Frederick would retain the title til 1243 AD when he finally turned it over to his son. Conrad would never set foot in his kingdom (he died in 1254 AD). Ironically the Holy City of Jerusalem would be excommunicated by the Archbishop of Caesarea for aiding and abetting Frederick!
21. The Seventh Crusade (1248-1254 AD) was led by Louis IX, the Saint, King of France, and was once again directed at Egypt. Louis IX was defeated and captured at the Battle of Abu Abdulla (Apr 6, 1250 AD) but was soon released (May 6, 1250 AD) after agreeing to return which recently captured city?

Answer: Damietta

Louis IX would travel to the new capital of the Kingdom of Jerusalem (Acre) upon his release. Jerusalem had earlier been recaptured by the Muslims (Aug 23, 1244 AD). He would not depart for Europe til Apr 24, 1254 AD.
22. The Eighth Crusade (1270 AD) was again led by Louis IX but was directed against Tunis in northern Africa. While laying siege to Carthage (Jul-Aug) what happened to Louis?

Answer: he died from a disease spreading through the Crusader's camp

Louis IX died on August 25, 1270 AD hours before his brother Charles I, King of Sicily, arrived.
23. The Ninth Crusade (1271-1272 AD) was led by Prince Edward of England and accomplished nothing tangible. Edward though would become King of England in 1272 AD and be better known in history as...?

Answer: Edward I, King of England

Kind of a tricky (but simple) question. Edward was the first Edward (since the Norman Conquest of 1066 AD) and he was king. He once was a prince but his great-grandson was 'the Black Prince.' He was known as 'Longshanks' (not Longpanks) because of his heighth.

He also was known as a 'Hammer' but not 'of the Welsh.' He was known as the 'Hammer of the Scots.' Sorry. In all fairness he did subdue the Welsh by promising them he would raise his newly born son, also named Edward (the future King Edward II), as a Welshman and would give him the title of 'Prince of Wales.' This started the tradition of bestowing this title to the heir to the throne of England. So presently, whenever Queen Elizabeth II dies (or abdicates) Prince Charles will become king and his son, Prince William, will become the new Prince of Wales.
24. This crusade was preached in France and Germany by two young boys (1212 AD) and was not officially sanctioned by Pope Innocent III. It was the Children's Crusade.

Answer: True

The 'Children's Crusade' ended in disaster for the expedition from France when the children were tricked and eventually sold into slavery by their ships' captains (Hugh the Iron and William the Pig) in Muslim North Africa.
25. The Albigensian Crusade (1208-1229 AD) was officially sanctioned by Pope Innocent III (he was very enthusiastic about this crusade). But it was not a crusade to the Holy Land or even to fight Muslims. It was directed at southern France and sought the extinction of which Christian heresy?

Answer: Catharism

It was known as the Albigensian Crusade because the city of Albi was the center of Catharism. The fighting was extremely brutal and savage (on both sides).
Source: Author hund

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