In the Catholic Church, what are the major steps in the process of becoming a saint?

There are several steps for a person to become canonized a saint.

1) The person has to be no longer living and unless waived by the Pope dead for at least 5 years.
2) A local bishop has to open an inquiry for Beatification.
3) Information is gathered to see if the person lived a virtuous life. This step can take years.
4) The case is brought to the Pope and he can declare the virtuous person "Venerable" or if they were martyred then "Blessed".
5) A miracle must be attributed to the venerable's intercession at which point they would be called "Blessed".
6) A second miracle must be attributed to officially become a saint. Not sure if a martyr only needs one miracle or if they need two as a blessed.

https://wedaretosay.com/what-steps-are-in-the-beatification-and-canonization-process/

On March 9, 1253, just 337 days after his death, Peter of Verona was canonized by Pope Innocent IV. The previous record for fastest canonization had belonged to Anthony of Padua, who officially entered sainthood 352 days after his death in June 1231.

https://aleteia.org/2018/04/19/who-holds-the-guinness-record-for-fastest-track-to-canonization/

A martyr does not need two miracles.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canonization