Subject: Can someone please explain?
Posted by: Mixamatosis
Date: Jan 21 17
I've read that it's dangerous to mix ammonia and bleach. Variously I've read that it can produce deadly cyanide gas, chlorine gas (which is said to be bad for you) and even explosions.
However swimming pools are kept fit for use with chlorine, and our urine contains ammonia but then we may clean toilets with bleach. Also many cleaning products contain either ammonia or bleach and it would be easy to use them unthinkingly in combination.
How is it that people aren't generally harmed by these dangers when swimming in swimming pools or doing daily cleaning, or are we being harmed at low level and is the harm cumulative?
Posted by: Mixamatosis
Date: Jan 21 17
I've read that it's dangerous to mix ammonia and bleach. Variously I've read that it can produce deadly cyanide gas, chlorine gas (which is said to be bad for you) and even explosions.
However swimming pools are kept fit for use with chlorine, and our urine contains ammonia but then we may clean toilets with bleach. Also many cleaning products contain either ammonia or bleach and it would be easy to use them unthinkingly in combination.
How is it that people aren't generally harmed by these dangers when swimming in swimming pools or doing daily cleaning, or are we being harmed at low level and is the harm cumulative?
526 replies. On page 11 of 27 pages. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
Mixamatosis 
|
P.S The person who wrote the article you linked seems to be American and does not have full awareness of the NHS system. He refers to certain things "not normally being covered by health insurance" including physiotherapy (or physical therapy as he calls it) and assumes Stephen Hawking would have had to pay for everything not covered by "health insurance". Physiotherapy is available free from the NHS and probably some of the other things he lists. These days there are many millionaires and a million can start to disappear fast with all the things to be paid for when someone's that disabled. That's why people who are disabled through medical errors can receive that level of compensation to support them through life.Stephen also had a wife and children to support for some years, since his wife gave up her job to look after him. Reply #201. Mar 22 18, 3:22 AM |
brm50diboll
|
The funding for his 24 hour a day professional nursing care came from private sources, as Hawking stated in the 2002 British Medical Journal article. There is a big difference between home health care and 24 hour round-the-clock care. Reply #202. Mar 22 18, 3:56 AM |
| Mixamatosis
|
Brian, I don't think we're really differing much, just emphasising different things. I'm sure that the service he received free at the point of use from the NHS enabled him to afford other services and equipment to improve his life chances. The question is could he have afforded it all without free NHS care as part of it, because he was rich enough to afford it all privately? He said he would have struggled without the NHS. A private carer or nurse can maybe ensure his airways are clear etc, but it would be the NHS who regularly assessed his condition, prescribed any necessary medication, performed any necessary operations and dealt with any medical emergencies, unless he went wholly private with doctors also. What he said about the NHS would suggest he did rely on it to some extent. Maybe he meant he would have struggled healthwise rather than financially because the NHS is the one body that provides emergency care. Currently the government is trying to privatise as much of the NHS as possible by stealth. While keeping it free at the point of use, many private providers of services have been introduced and now the government has stated its intention (without any public consultation) to introduce private ACOs to handle the funding and decide how it is to be spent. In light of some protest they have changed the name of ACOs and have recently stated they will now consult. It would then become a system that would be relatively easy to switch over to an insurance based system, I imagine, once the NHS has been allowed to struggle through underfunding so that people are persuaded that insurance is the only realistic option. Reply #203. Mar 23 18, 3:38 AM |
LoveAnimals555
|
Umm... Can I ask my doubts regarding science here?? Reply #204. Mar 23 18, 4:15 AM |
| brm50diboll
|
You can ask any science question you want here, but I don't know what you mean by doubts about science. Do you think science is fraudulent? My answer for that would be no, but there is vigorous debate on several issues. Scientists frequently disagree about things. Reply #205. Mar 23 18, 9:38 AM |
| LoveAnimals555
|
Hi Brian, I mean I am student sometimes I am messed up with few concepts and questions. I called that as doubt. I belive science is the best subject and topic to discuss. I love science! Reply #206. Mar 23 18, 10:07 AM |
| brm50diboll
|
The third Galilean moon of Jupiter is Ganymede. Ganymede is the largest moon in the entire solar system. In fact, Ganymede is even larger than the planet Mercury. Ganymede is less massive than Mercury, however, as its density is much lower than Mercury. Ganymede contains a high percentage of water ice, whereas Mercury contains a good deal of metal. Ganymede is quite cratered, but there are areas of smoothness that suggest resurfacing similar to what happens on Europa, but on a smaller scale. The Galileo probe also confirmed that Ganymede has its own magnetic field (independent of Jupiter's very powerful one), which is very unusual for a moon, suggesting liquid electrolyte convection below Ganymede's surface. Reply #207. Apr 01 18, 9:36 PM |
| Mixamatosis
|
Why is it called a Galilean moon? Reply #208. Apr 02 18, 3:00 AM |
| brm50diboll
|
The four Galilean moons (the largest moons of Jupiter) are the first moons discovered that are not Earth's moon. They were discovered by Galileo Galilei himself with his early telescope in 1610. Reply #209. Apr 02 18, 7:45 AM |
| brm50diboll
|
The fourth and outermost Galilean moon of Jupiter is Callisto. Since Callisto is so far from Jupiter as compared with the other Galilean moons, the tidal effects of Jupiter's gravity on Callisto is the weakest of the four, so there has not been enough internal heating within Callisto to create the sorts of dynamics I described on the other moons. Callisto therefore preserves its craters much better than the other Galilean moons, which tend to erase craters due to their internal processes. Callisto is an extremely heavily cratered moon. However, even on Callisto, Jupiter's gravity is strong enough to force the moon to always keep the same side facing Jupiter, a phenomenon known as tidal locking (which also acts on Earth's moon, which is why we can never see the moon's far side from Earth.) All four Galilean moons are tidally locked, keeping the same side facing Jupiter at all times. For a hypothetical visitor who is on Callisto's "far side", they might never know Jupiter even existed, as they could never see it. Of course, Callisto has extremely cold temperatures and practically no atmosphere, so, as far as hypothetical visitors there may go...Well, there's that. Reply #210. Apr 26 18, 6:22 PM |
| LoveAnimals555
|
Why formic acid gives positive test with fehling's solution? Reply #211. Apr 30 18, 1:27 PM |
| brm50diboll
|
Just saw this question today. Formic acid (methanoic acid) is not a typical carboxylic acid, as it is the first in the series. Its structure HCOOH means that its single carbon is not only part of a carboxylic acid group (the -COOH part), it is also part of an aldehyde group (the HCO- part). Fehling's solution oxidizes aldehydes to their corresponding carboxylic acids. It does nothing to most carboxylic acids, but a formic acid has an aldehyde part, it will oxidize that part to its corresponding carboxylic acid, creating carbonic acid (HO(C:O)OH, or H2CO3), which is itself unstable, decomposing to water and carbon dioxide. I regret the limitations of the board format in writing proper chemical formulas. Sketching the structures of all the species involved would be more informative. Both aldehydes and carboxylic acids contain a carbonyl group (a carbon doubly bonded to a oxygen), but in an aldehyde, that carbon is also directly bonded to a hydrogen, whereas in a carboxylic acid, that carbon is also directly bonded to a hydroxyl group (OH). Formic acid contains both groups attached to its lone carbon, a hydroxyl group to one side, forming the carboxylic acid, and a single hydrogen to the other side, forming the aldehyde. It is the aldehyde hydrogen in formic acid (not present in other carboxylic acids) which can be oxidized by Fehling's solution. Reply #212. May 02 18, 8:44 AM |
| brm50diboll
|
Moving on to Saturn now. Saturn is the last of the planets that was visible to the ancients, and the slowest-moving. It takes almost 30 years for Saturn to make one trip around the sun. Saturn was visited by Voyager 1 and 2, but most of our information about Saturn and its moons comes from the Cassini-Huygens probe, which had a very interesting history. There was actually a good deal of protest over its launch because it contained a nuclear reactor for power and there was fear (completely manufactured, in my opinion), that an accident could have resulted in release of radioactive material into Earth's atmosphere. Some extremely ignorant people wondered why the probe couldn't operate on solar power, like the lunar and Mars probes. Solar power will not work in the outer solar system because it is too far from the sun. The *only* source of power which can last for the years needed for an outer solar system mission is nuclear. And, of course, nothing went wrong. Cassini-Huygens was one of the most successful unmanned missions *ever*. Cassini went into orbit around Saturn, where it studied the planet and its moons for many years. Huygens detached from Cassini and landed on Saturn's largest moon Titan, the first landing of any probe on any moon other than Earth's. Saturn is more than just a smaller, more boring version of Jupiter. Saturn has the lowest average density of any planet in the solar system (interestingly, Earth's density is the highest), and the only planet with a density lower than water, leading to the frequent joke that if there was an ocean large enough, Saturn would float on it. Of course, no ocean could be so large. Just as Galileo was deliberately crashed into Jupiter when it approached the end of its maneuverability, so Cassini was deliberately crashed into Saturn at the end of its useful life. Take that, anti-nuke Saturnians! Reply #213. May 16 18, 11:29 AM |
| LoveAnimals555
|
You share nice facts, why don't you write a chemistry quiz, Brian? I would love to play it! Reply #214. May 16 18, 12:41 PM |
| LoveAnimals555
|
I have a physics question, Is it possible to see diffraction pattern around a CFL or LED bulb? Reply #215. May 16 18, 12:42 PM |
| LoveAnimals555
|
One more from Biology, If your ears are closed so that no sound waves could enter your ear. In that situation if sound waves enter your mouth, will it be possible to sense that sound wave? Reply #216. May 16 18, 12:43 PM |
| brm50diboll
|
To the first question, yes, although you need a diffraction grating or slit device to see it, and diffraction patterns are best seen with monochromatic light, not white light, which, due to multiple wavelengths present, blurs the effect. As to the second question, you are ignoring internal sources of sound which are very significant. A branch of the carotid artery passes right under each ear. In very quiet environments, you will hear your own heartbeat. I have heard mine numerous times. Sound can be conducted through the head and not simply by air transmission. In fact, it has long been observed that when people hear their own voices by recording, they often remark that it sounds different from when they were actually speaking. That is because when you talk, much of the sound reaches the ears by conduction, not by air, and therefore sounds different. Reply #217. May 16 18, 1:20 PM |
| LoveAnimals555
|
Thanks Brian. I have some common observations in my daily life. You can clearly see diffraction pattern around a CFL or LED if you see at them through muslin cloth. That's what you mean by slit, isn't it? I find it very hard almost 1000 times difficult to drive in night than in day. You know why, whenever on a single way road a bike or car comes from front, I get distracted by the diffraction pattern created by headlights of the car or bike. A diffraction pattern same as of rainbow appears that hides the bike in my front, I have to drive careful. In a dark room if you on flashlight of your phone, you can very clearly see circular diffraction pattern around it in the form of rainbow. Yay, you are right about sound. Whenever I listen to myself while singing I find I sing well, but when I listen to my recorded sound, I feel that I am a very bad singer. You know few days back, as a point of interest, I closed my ear and but my headphones in my mouth, I thought I would listen nothing. When my ear were open I listen nothing while they were closed I listen everything clearly. That was a amazing experience! So basically what happens is that from mouth sound wave enters eustachian tube, from there it goes to ear and return from round window, without creating any sensation of sound. If your ear are open, sound waves come out while if your ear are closed, sound wave gets reflected back after striking your finger or object by which it is closed, follows the path it would have as if it enters through your ear, creating a sensation of sound and we can listen through our mouth. Huh, that's amazing. When I told this to my classmates, they laughed and said how weird are you to put your headphones in your mouth. What you think Brian, are my observations correct? I hope you got my point, I know my grammar is poor. I don't know, I am just 17, I don't have a great deal of knowledge yet! Reply #218. May 16 18, 2:09 PM |
| brm50diboll
|
Always pay attention to the little things around you. You can learn a lot by doing that. Most people don't pay attention to small details, but they do matter. Reply #219. May 16 18, 3:45 PM |
| LoveAnimals555
|
Is picrick acid, the most acidic organic acid? Or we have any more acidic organic acid than picric acid? I studied that it's PKa value is around 2? Reply #220. May 16 18, 10:48 PM |
526 replies. On page 11 of 27 pages. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27
Legal / Conditions of Use
|
|
: