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Quiz about Captivating History of the Quapaw
Quiz about Captivating History of the Quapaw

Captivating History of the Quapaw Quiz


While learning a little about the state of Arkansas, I stumbled upon the fascinating story of the Quapaw tribe and decided to write a quiz about them. Please join me as we delve a bit deeper into their fascinating culture.

A photo quiz by stephgm67. Estimated time: 3 mins.
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Author
stephgm67
Time
3 mins
Type
Photo Quiz
Quiz #
409,401
Updated
Jun 15 22
# Qns
10
Difficulty
Average
Avg Score
8 / 10
Plays
141
Awards
Top 35% Quiz
-
Question 1 of 10
1. The Quapaw are part of the Dhegiha Siouan language group and were first discovered in 1673 by explorers in the Arkansas area. From what country were these explorers? Hint


Question 2 of 10
2. The Quapaw lived in four large villages along a major waterway. Which river, which joined the Arkansas river nearby, did they utilize? Hint


Question 3 of 10
3. The tribe was divided into two large divisions, or moieties, that represented the Earth and the Sky. The moieties shared responsibility for the calumet. What sacred object was this? Hint


Question 4 of 10
4. The tribe's villages were made up of longhouses occupied by multiple families that were arranged around a plaza. There was also a council house and a platform for greeting visitors. With what material were the longhouses covered? Hint


Question 5 of 10
5. Quapaw history, passed through generations and told to explorers, states that the tribe originally came from the western part of the United States near the Pueblo tribes.


Question 6 of 10
6. As more Europeans came into the Arkansas territory, epidemics began to spread amongst the Quapaw tribe. What epidemic in particular, especially in 1698, dramatically decreased the population? Hint


Question 7 of 10
7. The Quapaw shared their geographical area and boundaries with other tribes. One tribe in particular, closely related to the Choctaws, frequently raided the Quapaw villages. What was this tribe? Hint


Question 8 of 10
8. By the early 1800s, the Quapaw were trading with other tribes and with white settlers. What two products did the supply? One was grown by the women and the other raised by the men. Hint


Question 9 of 10
9. A treaty in 1818 moved the Quapaw to a reservation in the Arkansas area. By 1824, that treaty was annulled by the United States and they were moved to the Red River area amongst the Caddo peoples. What state was this? Hint


Question 10 of 10
10. In the 1830s, the Quapaw moved permanently from their lands to a reservation in northeastern Oklahoma. In the 1970s, this proud tribe designed a flag to represent their history. What bird's feathers are featured on it as part of the story? Hint



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Quiz Answer Key and Fun Facts
1. The Quapaw are part of the Dhegiha Siouan language group and were first discovered in 1673 by explorers in the Arkansas area. From what country were these explorers?

Answer: France

French explorers led by Father Jacques Marquette and Louis Joliet discovered the Quapaw during their journeys. The French and Quapaw entered into an alliance and, over the years, became military allies and trading partners. They socially interacted and often intermarried.

The French called the Quapaw the "Arkansas" which meant "People of the South Wind" and also named the countryside after them.
2. The Quapaw lived in four large villages along a major waterway. Which river, which joined the Arkansas river nearby, did they utilize?

Answer: Mississippi River

When the Quapaw were discovered in the 1600s they were living in four main villages. They had settled in an area where the Arkansas River met the Mississippi and the two rivers had created nutrient-rich soil for farming. Kappa was on the east bank of the Mississippi. Tongigua was ten mils sound of Kappa and on the opposite shore, very near Tourima. Osotouy was sixteen miles from them at the confluence of the Arkansas and Mississippi rivers. Each of these villages was surrounded by lush, cultivated fields and the citizens frequently interacted with each other.
3. The tribe was divided into two large divisions, or moieties, that represented the Earth and the Sky. The moieties shared responsibility for the calumet. What sacred object was this?

Answer: Pipe

The calumet was a sacred pipe that connected the Quapaw to a powerful and sacred force that blessed all things with life. The pipe was shared with strangers and visitors in a type of ceremony. Agreeing to the ceremony, and smoking the pipe, meant the stranger was now a relative and held obligations as if he was a member of the family. French explorers, especially those who visited the Kappa village, participated in the smoking ceremony.
4. The tribe's villages were made up of longhouses occupied by multiple families that were arranged around a plaza. There was also a council house and a platform for greeting visitors. With what material were the longhouses covered?

Answer: Bark

The village was laid out so that the Sky clan was on the opposite side of the circle from the Earth clan. Families could not marry within the same clan and they moved into a longhouse with other groups. The longhouse was a large rectangular structure that could house up to 200 people.

Their villages were on fertile ground and surrounded by oak trees (as well as pines and maples) and they used the wood for building. They would use long poles driven into the ground with their tops bent and tied. Horizontal branches then were interwoven among the uprights. Finally, bark sheets (primarily from oak) covered the structure.
5. Quapaw history, passed through generations and told to explorers, states that the tribe originally came from the western part of the United States near the Pueblo tribes.

Answer: False

The Quapaw Nation is descended from the Dhegian-Siouan speaking people who lived in the lower Ohio River area. The Angel Mounds Site in Evansville, Indiana is a sacred site by the Quapaw tribe and is believed to be one of their earliest original home sites.

The Quapaw later found the Mississippi River during their travels and began slowly moving south along its banks. They became known as the "Downstream People". Their oral tradition, backed by archaeological findings, show the Quapaw began to settle along the confluence of the Arkansas and Mississippi rivers just prior to AD 1600.
6. As more Europeans came into the Arkansas territory, epidemics began to spread amongst the Quapaw tribe. What epidemic in particular, especially in 1698, dramatically decreased the population?

Answer: Smallpox

In the late 1680s, the population of the Quapaw was estimated at around 6,000 people. After a smallpox epidemic swept through in 1698, the lack of immunity to this disease killed a huge percentage of the population. By the year 1700, only around 1,200 were still alive.
7. The Quapaw shared their geographical area and boundaries with other tribes. One tribe in particular, closely related to the Choctaws, frequently raided the Quapaw villages. What was this tribe?

Answer: Chickasaw

The Chickasaw were known as some of the fiercest warriors in all of the Americas and earned the nickname "Spartans of the Lower Mississippi Valley". In the 1700s they frequently raided the Quapaw villages, causing death and destruction of structures and crops. By the late 1780s the Quapaw agreed to peace and allowed the Chickasaw to live and hunt on their land.
8. By the early 1800s, the Quapaw were trading with other tribes and with white settlers. What two products did the supply? One was grown by the women and the other raised by the men.

Answer: Corn and horses

The women in the Quapaw society farmed and raised a variety of crops in the fertile land. As explorers described them, the fields included sunflowers, tobacco, gourds, squash, pumpkins, and beans. But the most abundant crop was maize, or corn. The men hunted game such as deer and bears.

The men also were skilled raising horses after they were introduced by European colonists. The cultivated maize and the horses were used as trading goods, especially as the flow of settlers increased to their area after the Louisiana Purchase. Soon, however, the goods did not become as important as their valuable land.
9. A treaty in 1818 moved the Quapaw to a reservation in the Arkansas area. By 1824, that treaty was annulled by the United States and they were moved to the Red River area amongst the Caddo peoples. What state was this?

Answer: Louisiana

In a treaty in 1818, the Quapaw agreed to a million acres near the Arkansas river and gave up almost thirty million acres. Territorial officials changed yet again in 1824 and the Quapaw ceded that reservation and move to lands in the Red River in northwestern Louisiana.

They lived among the Caddo tribe there, but faced disaster after disaster. Starvation and flooding forced them to move back to Arkansas on a sliver of their former land.
10. In the 1830s, the Quapaw moved permanently from their lands to a reservation in northeastern Oklahoma. In the 1970s, this proud tribe designed a flag to represent their history. What bird's feathers are featured on it as part of the story?

Answer: Eagle

Prior to the Civil War, the Quapaw people moved to a reservation in the northeast corner of Ottawa County in Oklahoma. There they began creating their cultural centers, their governmental leadership, and designing their flag. Four eagle feathers that hang from a dream catcher represent the four directions.

The eagle was chosen because it flies highest in the sky, which puts him close to the Creator. Red and blue stripes represent the blankets used by the tribe as they moved from land to land. The word "O-Gah-Pah" is at the top and represents how the people say "Quapaw" which means "Downstream People". Finally, a bison in the center represents their current land and their future.

As of the early 2000's there were more than 2,000 Quapaw people.
Source: Author stephgm67

This quiz was reviewed by FunTrivia editor ponycargirl before going online.
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