"Chronicles" and Their Founders Quiz

Answer: Charles and Michael H. de Young

Charles de Young was born on January 8, 1846, in Natchitoches, Louisiana, USA. Michael Henry de Young was born on September 30, 1849, in St. Louis, Missouri. In 1954, the de Young family moved to San Francisco, but their father died of a stroke on the way.

The brothers founded the "Daily Dramatic Chronicle" in 1865. It was a four-page tabloid paper. A few years later, they made it into a daily newspaper. The first issue stated, "The 'Daily Dramatic Chronicle' would be independent in all things, neutral in none."

On August 15, 1869, the paper was renamed the 'San Francisco Chronicle'. By 1880, it had the largest circulation on the West Coast. By the 21st century, its circulation started to decrease, as was the case with other newspapers as well, due to everything being online.

In 1879. Charles de Young attempted to kill future San Francisco mayor Isaac Smith Kalloch to prevent him from becoming the mayor. Despite being shot twice, Kalloch survived and was mayor from 1879 until 1991. On April 23, 1880, Kalloch's son, Milton, went into the building where the "San Francisco Chronicle" was published and killed Charles de Young. De Young was 34 years old.

Adolph B. Spreckels shot Michael H. de Young in 1884. Spreckels got a bad business review and was angry. De Young survived the shooting and lived until February 15, 1925, when he died of natural causes at the age of 75.

Answer: Marcellus E. Foster

Marcellus Elliot Foster was born on November 29, 1870, in Pembroke, Kentucky. When he was about three, his family moved to Huntsville, Texas. In 1890, Foster graduated from what is now Sam Houston State University.

At age 15, Foster became an apprentice printer for the "Huntsville Item." In 1895, he moved to Houston and joined the staff of the "Houston Post." At age 28, he became the youngest managing editor of a Texas newspaper at the time and covered the Galveston hurricane of 1900.

The following year, he left the "Houston Post" and founded the "Houston Chronicle." It was originally a six-page paper that was published daily. By 1926, the newspaper had 75,000 readers during the week, and another 10,000 were reading the Sunday edition.

During the 1920s, he achieved fame because he fought against the KKK. This caused the Klan to burn a cross on his lawn. In 1926, Foster retired, having sold the rest of his share of the "Houston Chronicle" to Jesse Holman Jones, to whom he sold 50% back in 1908.

After he retired from his own newspaper, he worked as editor of the "Houston Press." He attacked the penal system and blamed then-Governor Daniel J. Moody for prison overcrowding in 1930 despite having supported Moody previously.

In March 1941, he fully retired. On April 1, 1942, Foster died following a massive heart attack. He was 71 years old.

Answer: Rajagopal Mudaliar

Not much is known about Rajagopal Mudaliar. He started his work with the Nizam of Hyderabad. He supplied them with newsprint paper for them to print their newspapers on.

Then, in 1938, he founded the "Deccan Chronicle." Since he already had the paper supply company he owned, he used that to help him start the new newspaper. The "Deccan Chronicle" was a patriotic newspaper even though India was not yet independent from Britain. The paper was printed in English and was originally a weekly paper, but later became a daily paper. The paper was named after the Deccan region of India where it was printed.

In 1977, Mudaliar sold the paper to Tikkavarapu Chandrashekhar Reddy. Reddy modernized the paper, and it continued to grow. By 2006, there were 295,000 copies being sold. In 2013, six board members left the paper after charges of loan default, forgery, and criminal breach of trust. This conspiracy negatively impacted the paper, and with the rise of digital media, it never fully recovered.

Answer: William Brown and Thomas Gilmore

William Brown was born in Scotland around 1737. On September 30, 1763, he immigrated to Quebec City, Canada. Thomas Gilmore was born around 1741 in either Ireland or the United States. When he was about 17, he was hired by William Dunlop in Philadelphia, PA, where he met Brown, and they eventually became business partners.

In 1764, the two founded the "Quebec Gazette," which until 1842 was published in both English and French. It was originally a weekly newspaper, but by 1832 it came out daily, with some days in English and some in French. In 1873, it merged with the "Morning Chronicle" and became the "Quebec Chronicle and Quebec Gazette. " In 1925, they merged again, this time with the "Quebec Daily Telegraph" to become the "Chronicle-Telegraph." In 1934, Quebec was added to the name, making it the "Quebec Chronicle-Telegraph."

They claim to be the oldest newspaper in North America. William Brown died suddenly on March 22, 1789, around the age of 52. Thomas Gilmore died around the age of 32 in February 1773 from an alcohol related illness.

Answer: David Meldola and Moses Angel

David Meldola was born in Livorno, Italy, in 1797. He received his rabbinical degree while still in Livorno. He later took over for his father as the bat din (a judge in a Jewish court of law).

Moses Angel (born Angel Moses) was born on April 29, 1819, in Hammersmith, a section of London, England. He was one of 11 children born to Emanuel and Sarah Moses. He was both a bank clerk and a teacher. His father was convicted of robbing a coach. This conviction may be why Angel reversed his name. Angel later became headmaster at the Jews' Free School (JFS) in East London.

Meldola and Angel met in the 1840s as part of the Anglo-Jewish community. They shared an interest in publishing. The first issue of "The Jewish Chronicle" was published on November 12, 1841. It came out weekly until 1842, then it stopped. Starting in October 1844, it came out biweekly; then in 1847, it became weekly again.

Meldola died on March 2, 1853, in London, England. He was 53 years old. Angel died on September 2, 1898, at his home in London. His health had been declining since December 1897. He was 79.

Answer: Greenberg Hughes

Not much is known about Greenberg Hughes (some places list his name as Greenburg). However, on August 30, 1785, he founded "The Augusta Chronicle" under the name "The Augusta Gazette." It was the first newspaper published in Augusta, Georgia, USA.

Hughes left the newspaper in 1786, and John E. Smith took over. He renamed it "Georgia State Gazette," and then in 1789 it became "The Augusta Chronicle and Gazette of the State." Smith died in 1803, and Dennis Driscol took over. He renamed it "The Augusta Chronicle."

From 1825 until 1836, "The Augusta Chronicle" was run by A.H. Pemberton. He was one of the first Georgians to call for secession. This made the paper one of the most controversial.

Answer: Pherozeshah Mehta

Pherozeshah Mehta was born on August 4, 1845, in Bombay City, Bombay Presidency, British India. Mehta studied law in London, England at Lincoln's Inn. He became Lincoln's Inn's first Parsi barrister in 1868. He then returned to India and established his own practice. Returning to England in 1869, he became a judge. Later, he left law and became a politician.

In 1910 or 1913, Mehta started "The Bombay Chronicle" in Bombay (now Mumbai). The newspaper was printed in English. A Nationalist newspaper, "The Bombay Chronicle" documented the pre-independence political scene in India at the time.

On November 5, 1915, Mehta died in Bombay at the age of 70. In 1959, "The Bombay Chronicle" printed its final issue.

Answer: Nick Barbaro and Louis Black

Niccolo "Nick" Raffaele Barbaro was born in 1952 to former Miss America winner Marilyn Buferd and Francesco Barbaro, a movie agent and producer. In the 1970s, he attended the University of Texas in Austin, Texas. He earned a graduate degree in Radio, Television, and Film. During this time, he also worked on "The Daily Texan."

Louis Black was born in Teaneck, New Jersey, around 1950. After graduating in 1968, he moved to Texas to attend the University of Texas, where he studied film and earned his BFA in 1980. While there, he became friends with Barbaro.

In 1981, Barbaro and Black co-founded "The Austin Chronicle," an alternative weekly newspaper (originally bi-weekly). They published the first issue on September 4, 1981. "The Austin Chronicle" also produces the Austin Chronicle Hot Sauce Festival every year in September. Barbaro retired in March 2025 after 43 years.

Answer: William Woodfall

William Woodfall was born around February 7, 1745, in England. His father, Henry, was a printer and publisher of the "Public Advertiser". After his father retired, Woodfall and his brother Henry Sampson worked together running the "Public Advertiser."

In 1769, William Woodfall founded "The Morning Chronicle." The paper was the first major job for both essayist William Hazlitt and author Charles Dickens. It was also the first newspaper to hire a female journalist, Eliza Lynn Linton.

In 1789, Woodfall sold his share in the newspaper, and he died in 1803. The newspaper had many owners until 1862, at which point publication was halted. Then in 1769, it was started again under the name "The Morning Chronicle and London Advertiser." In 1789, it went back to the name "The Morning Chronicle." The last issue was published in 1865.

Answer: Cornelius Pope

Cornelius Pope started as an apprentice to Thomas Boddely, the founder of "Bath Journal." In 1756, Boddely suddenly died, and Pope took over the journal for the next five years. In 1760, Pope founded "The Bath Journal," originally named "The Bath Chronicle and Weekly Gazette." The newspaper focused on foreign news, but also contained local news, poetry, and advertising.

Six years later, he sold the newspaper to William Archer. Not long after, he sold it to Richard Cruttwell. Under Cruttwell, the newspaper became a major record of Bath's high society at the peak of its publication. It published lists of important people who were coming to the town. By 1877, the newspaper, which ran weekly, also had a daily evening edition.