The largest Russian oil-loading port on the Baltic Sea is the port of Primorsk, located on the coast of the Gulf of Finland about 100 km from St. Petersburg. Before the war in Ukraine, it served as a major hub for exporting Russian crude oil and petroleum products to European markets, but due to EU sanctions, its exports were redirected mainly to Asia.
2. Port of Gdańsk
Answer: Poland
The Port of Gdansk, located on the Baltic Sea, is Poland's largest seaport and a major hub for oil and container traffic. It plays a vital role in Central and Eastern Europe's trade, serving as a key gateway for goods moving between Europe and global markets.
Its deepwater terminals allow it to handle some of the world's largest container ships, making it a strategic logistics and energy center for the region.
3. Port of Gdynia
Answer: Poland
The Port of Gdynia, a deep-water port on the Baltic Sea, is well known for its grain exports and modern ferry connections to Scandinavia. It is one of Poland's most important maritime gateways, supporting both commercial trade and passenger traffic.
4. Port of Kiel
Answer: Germany
Kiel, located on the Kiel Canal, is a key ferry and cruise hub linking Germany with Scandinavia and the Baltic regions. The city's port is also strategically important as the western entrance to the canal, one of the world's busiest artificial waterways.
In addition to passenger traffic, Kiel handles significant volumes of forest products, automobiles, and other general cargo, strengthening its role as a major North European maritime center.
5. Port of Klaipėda
Answer: Lithuania
Klaipėda, the northernmost ice-free port on the Baltic Sea, is vital for container and Ro-Ro (roll-on/roll-off, for vehicles and wheeled cargo) traffic. It serves as Lithuania's main gateway for international trade, linking the country with Scandinavia, Western Europe, and beyond.
The port's strategic location, modern terminals, and year-round accessibility make it a key hub for bulk, general, and passenger cargo in the region.
6. Port of Liepaja
Answer: Latvia
Liepāja, an ice-free port on the Baltic Sea, is important for timber, bulk cargo, and fishing industry exports. Its strategic location on Latvia's western coast makes it a key gateway for regional trade and maritime transport. The port's facilities support both commercial shipping and the local fishing sector, contributing significantly to the area's economy.
7. Port of Pärnu
Answer: Estonia
Pärnu, a smaller port on the Gulf of Riga, mainly handles timber, building materials, and regional trade. Despite its size, it plays an important role in supporting local industries and facilitating short-distance shipping within the Baltic region. The port also serves as a hub for small-scale cargo and seasonal transport connections.
8. Port of Turku
Answer: Finland
Turku, one of Finland's oldest ports, is well known for its ferry routes to Sweden and the Åland Islands. The port plays a key role in passenger traffic and regional trade, connecting southwestern Finland with the rest of the Baltic Sea region. Its facilities also support cargo handling, including containers, bulk goods, and Ro-Ro shipments.
9. Ust-Luga
Answer: Russia
Ust-Luga is a deep-water port on the Baltic Sea with coal, oil, and container terminals. Its location near the Gulf of Finland makes it one of Russia's main export points for energy and bulk goods. Due to the war in Ukraine and resulting sanctions, starting in the early 2020s, its operations and trade connections face significant challenges.
10. Trelleborg
Answer: Sweden
Trelleborg, Sweden's southernmost port, is the largest Ro-Ro (roll-on/roll-off) and ferry port in Scandinavia. It serves as a major gateway for passenger traffic and vehicle transport between Sweden and continental Europe. The port also handles significant freight volumes, supporting regional trade and logistics in the Baltic Sea area.
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