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Quiz about Victorias Ministers
Quiz about Victorias Ministers

Victoria's Ministers Trivia Quiz


Ten British Prime Ministers served in the office during the 63 year, 7 month and 2 day reign of Queen Victoria. Can you identify all of them from the clues provided?

A multiple-choice quiz by Fifiona81. Estimated time: 5 mins.
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Author
Fifiona81
Time
5 mins
Type
Multiple Choice
Quiz #
377,311
Updated
Dec 03 21
# Qns
10
Difficulty
Average
Avg Score
8 / 10
Plays
374
Awards
Top 10% Quiz
- -
Question 1 of 10
1. The Prime Minister who was already in office when Queen Victoria succeeded to the throne in 1837 quickly became the young queen's mentor and political advisor. He is also remembered for having been dismissed from office by the monarch and for his wife's affair with the poet, Lord Byron. Who was he? Hint


Question 2 of 10
2. Which Prime Minister, who was responsible for the repeal of the Corn Laws in 1846, remains best-known for his role in creating the modern police force while serving as Home Secretary in the 1820s? Hint


Question 3 of 10
3. Who was the Prime Minister who sat in the House of Commons during his first ministry (1846 to 1852) but was a member of the House of Lords by the time his second ministry began in 1865? Hint


Question 4 of 10
4. Edward Smith-Stanley was leader of the Conservative party for over 20 years and held the post of Prime Minister on three separate occasions during the Victorian period. However, his total time in that office was less than four years. By what title is this Prime Minister better known? Hint


Question 5 of 10
5. The Earl of which Scottish city held the post of Prime Minister from 1852 to 1855 as the head of a coalition government that took Britain into the Crimean War? Hint


Question 6 of 10
6. Which British Prime Minister, who died in office in 1865, was best known for his interest in foreign policy having held the post of Foreign Secretary for a total of about 15 years prior to taking the top job? Hint


Question 7 of 10
7. One of Queen Victoria's favourite Prime Ministers was the man who passed the Royal Titles Act of 1876 which granted Victoria the title of 'Empress of India'. He was also a noted novelist whose works included 'Vivian Grey', 'Coningsby' and 'Sybil'. Who was this multi-talented man? Hint


Question 8 of 10
8. A man who held the post of Prime Minister on four separate occasions during Queen Victoria's reign famously did not get on well with the formidable monarch. Which Prime Minister caused Queen Victoria to complain that "He always addresses me as if I were a public meeting"? Hint


Question 9 of 10
9. Which Victorian Prime Minister simultaneously held the post of Foreign Secretary for most of his three terms in office and was the last Prime Minister to have led his government solely from the House of Lords? Hint


Question 10 of 10
10. The last of the ten men to take a trip to visit Queen Victoria at Buckingham Palace and be confirmed as Prime Minister was an extremely wealthy Scottish peer who lasted just over a year in the job and was spectacularly unsuccessful at it. Who was he? Hint



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Quiz Answer Key and Fun Facts
1. The Prime Minister who was already in office when Queen Victoria succeeded to the throne in 1837 quickly became the young queen's mentor and political advisor. He is also remembered for having been dismissed from office by the monarch and for his wife's affair with the poet, Lord Byron. Who was he?

Answer: Viscount Melbourne

Most of Queen Victoria's ten Prime Ministers were members of the nobility and sat in the House of Lords. William Lamb, Viscount Melbourne, had two periods in the office; a four month stint in 1834 - which ended in him being dismissed by Victoria's predecessor, King William IV - and then again from 1835 to 1841. His dismissal by William was due to the fact that he represented the reformist Whig party (then known for pursuing parliamentary reform, abolishing slavery and Catholic emancipation) and the King wanted to have a Tory government.

His personal life was perhaps more interesting than his political achievements. His wife, Lady Caroline Lamb, became famous for both her affair with Lord Byron in 1812 and fictionalising it in her 1816 novel 'Glenarvon'. Later, Melbourne himself caused a scandal by having an affair with the author Caroline Norton and being blackmailed by her husband as a result - surprisingly his political career survived both of these very public setbacks.

Viscount Althorp, Lord Auckland and Lord Holland all served in cabinets headed by Melbourne.
2. Which Prime Minister, who was responsible for the repeal of the Corn Laws in 1846, remains best-known for his role in creating the modern police force while serving as Home Secretary in the 1820s?

Answer: Sir Robert Peel

Peel's first ministry from 1834 to 1835 occurred during the reign of King William IV, but his second term in office, from 1841 to 1846, meant that he also qualified as a 'Victorian' Prime Minister. This five-year stint saw several achievements including factory reforms (reducing hours worked by women and children and improving safety standards) and re-introducing Income Tax in response to an economic recession. However, it was dominated by the controversy surrounding Peel's response (or lack of response) to the beginnings of the Irish Potato Famine and the repeal of the Corn Laws, which protected the price of British grown grains (not just corn). In the end the Corn Laws became Peel's political downfall - he lost control of his party and the opposition Whig party swiftly regained control of parliament.

As Home Secretary in 1829, Peel was responsible for creating the Metropolitan Police Force in London, which led to a significant reduction in crime in the city. Britain's police constables are still called 'Bobbies' in reference to Robert Peel.

The incorrect options are the other three men who served as Home Secretary during the 1820s - none of them went on to become Prime Minister.
3. Who was the Prime Minister who sat in the House of Commons during his first ministry (1846 to 1852) but was a member of the House of Lords by the time his second ministry began in 1865?

Answer: Lord John Russell, later Earl Russell

Oddly enough, John Russell began his parliamentary career in the House of Commons despite being known as "Lord John Russell" from birth as the younger son of a duke (the 6th Duke of Bedford to be precise). As his 'lordship' was merely a courtesy title, he sat in the Commons and held three of the four great offices of state (Home Secretary, Foreign Secretary and Prime Minister) prior to his elevation to the peerage as 1st Earl Russell of Kingston Russell and Viscount Amberley of Amberley in 1861.

The 3rd Earl Russell was the famous British philosopher Bertrand Russell, the grandson of the former Prime Minister.

The incorrect options are all British Prime Ministers who later gained titles and seats in the House of Lords. Sir Robert Walpole (PM from 1721 to 1742) received his earldom as a 'leaving present' following his forced resignation; Arthur Balfour (PM from 1902 to 1905) was created Earl of Balfour 20 years after he became Prime Minister; and Benjamin Disraeli was elevated to the House of Lords part way through his second term as Prime Minister.
4. Edward Smith-Stanley was leader of the Conservative party for over 20 years and held the post of Prime Minister on three separate occasions during the Victorian period. However, his total time in that office was less than four years. By what title is this Prime Minister better known?

Answer: Earl of Derby

The 14th Earl of Derby was Prime Minister for 10 months in 1852, 16 months from 1858 to 1859 and 20 months from 1866 to 1868. Despite this somewhat patchy record in the top office he managed to retain the leadership of the Conservative Party for nearly 22 years until his retirement from politics. The key reason behind the lack of longevity of his various ministries was that he ended up being the leader of minority governments that had failed to win enough seats in the House of Commons to govern without the support of various smaller parties such as the Irish Brigade and the Chartists.

Despite the lack of time in office, Derby did preside over some notable achievements for Britain such as passing the 1867 Reform Act which gave the vote to working class men for the first time. Stanley, the capital of the Falkland Islands, was named after the Earl - although ice hockey's Stanley Cup is actually named after his son Frederick.

The incorrect options were all earls who held the post of Prime Minister for a short period during the 18th century. The Earl of Wilmington was Prime Minister from 1742 to 1743, the Earl of Bute served from 1762 to 1763 and the Earl of Shelburne from 1782 to 1783.
5. The Earl of which Scottish city held the post of Prime Minister from 1852 to 1855 as the head of a coalition government that took Britain into the Crimean War?

Answer: Aberdeen

George Hamilton-Gordon, 4th Earl of Aberdeen was the Prime Minister of a coalition government featuring Whig, Peelite and Radical politicians (Peelites being breakaway 'liberal' conservatives, originally led by Sir Robert Peel, who eventually became founding members of the Liberal party). Aberdeen himself was the leader of the Peelite group and sat in the House of the Lords; the leader of the government in the House of Commons was the former Prime Minister Lord John Russell. The coalition was packed full of high profile names - including four future Prime Ministers (if you count Lord Russell who returned to the role in the 1860s).

The coalition government was formed due to the failure of the Earl of Derby's first minority government. However, Aberdeen ended up managing Britain's role in one of the bloodiest wars of the Victorian era. The Crimean War broke out in 1853 when Britain, France and the Ottoman Empire went to war against Russia, ostensibly over rights to the Holy Land but in reality to prevent Russia from annexing land from the failing Ottoman Empire. He wasn't terribly successful though - Aberdeen and his government ended up being forced to resign after an inquiry was announced into the conduct of the war following the catastrophic Charge of the Light Brigade at the Battle of Balaclava.

The incorrect options are all Scottish cities that have earldoms associated with them.
6. Which British Prime Minister, who died in office in 1865, was best known for his interest in foreign policy having held the post of Foreign Secretary for a total of about 15 years prior to taking the top job?

Answer: Viscount Palmerston

Henry John Temple, Viscount Palmerston had three separate stints as Foreign Secretary prior to his appointment as Prime Minister and dealt with a wide range of issues including the Europe wide revolutions of 1830 and 1848 and the Opium Wars with China. As Prime Minister he continued his focus on foreign policy including the ending of the Crimean War in 1856 following the Congress of Paris and managing the British response to and role in the American Civil War.

Palmerston's death in office was sudden, but not a great surprise given the fact that he was 80 years of age at the time. He was one of Britain's oldest Prime Ministers - having accepted the role for the first time at the age of 70 - and one of its longest serving politicians. He was first elected in 1806 and spent the majority of his almost 60 years in parliament on the government benches.

The incorrect options are all well-known holders of the role of British Foreign Secretary - or Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs as it was formally known.
7. One of Queen Victoria's favourite Prime Ministers was the man who passed the Royal Titles Act of 1876 which granted Victoria the title of 'Empress of India'. He was also a noted novelist whose works included 'Vivian Grey', 'Coningsby' and 'Sybil'. Who was this multi-talented man?

Answer: Benjamin Disraeli

Benjamin Disraeli came from much more humble origins than most of Queen Victoria's Prime Ministers. His father was a historian of Jewish-Italian extraction and writing was Disraeli's main occupation prior to entering parliament. His early novels, including 'Vivian Grey' (1826) were mainly romanticised depictions of British public life, but his later works such as 'Coningsby' (1844) and 'Sybil' (1845) had more political themes.

Disraeli had two terms of office as Prime Minister - the first lasted less than a year in 1868, but his second term was more successful, lasting from 1874 to 1880. During that time he created the title of 'Empress of India' for Queen Victoria; passed many reforms in areas such as public health, factories, the civil service and education; raised the money for Britain to buy a significant share in the Suez Canal; and won the Anglo-Zulu war of 1879. Part way through his second ministry Queen Victoria granted him the title of Earl of Beaconsfield and he was therefore elevated to the House of the Lords. He died less than a year after leaving office in 1880 - Queen Victoria sent flowers for his funeral and later visited his grave.

The incorrect options were all members of Disraeli's cabinet who were elevated to the peerage either during or after Disraeli's second term in office.
8. A man who held the post of Prime Minister on four separate occasions during Queen Victoria's reign famously did not get on well with the formidable monarch. Which Prime Minister caused Queen Victoria to complain that "He always addresses me as if I were a public meeting"?

Answer: William Ewart Gladstone

William Ewart Gladstone's four periods in office spanned the period 1868 to 1894 and included notable events and reforms such as the First Boer War, the introduction of the secret ballot for elections and support for Irish Home Rule. He was widely known by the initials "G. O. M" standing for "Grand Old Man" (he was 82 when he began his final ministry in 1892) although his long-standing political nemesis Benjamin Disraeli rather rudely used "God's Only Mistake" instead.

Gladstone's name has been given to a wide array of parks, streets and towns in many countries worldwide including Canada, the US, Australia, Ireland and Bulgaria! Other slightly odd tributes to him include Gladstone Rock in Wales (a rock in Wales where he once gave a speech) and the Gladstone bag (a small holdall whose inventor was evidently one of his fans).

The incorrect options are all 20th century Prime Ministers who served under Queen Victoria's son King Edward VII or her grandson King George V.
9. Which Victorian Prime Minister simultaneously held the post of Foreign Secretary for most of his three terms in office and was the last Prime Minister to have led his government solely from the House of Lords?

Answer: Marquess of Salisbury

Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury was the last man to be both Prime Minister and a member of the House of Lords for his full terms in office, which lasted from 1885 to January 1886, July 1886 to 1892 and 1895 to 1902. The only man to lead the government from the House of Lords after Salisbury was the Earl of Home (afterwards known as Sir Alec Douglas-Home) who did it for the grand total of four days in 1963 before he swiftly disclaimed his title and stood for election to the House of Commons.

The Marquess of Salisbury's great political interest was foreign policy, hence his decision to hang onto that job for himself after becoming Prime Minister. His interest in these matters was important as Britain was involved in various international events during his premiership including the protection of its sea routes to areas of the Empire such as India, the Partition of Africa and the Second Boer War. He was also Prime Minister at the time of Queen Victoria's death on 22 January 1901.

The incorrect options were all 18th century Prime Ministers who sat in the House of Lords.
10. The last of the ten men to take a trip to visit Queen Victoria at Buckingham Palace and be confirmed as Prime Minister was an extremely wealthy Scottish peer who lasted just over a year in the job and was spectacularly unsuccessful at it. Who was he?

Answer: Earl of Rosebery

Archibald Primrose, 5th Earl of Rosebery, a member of the Liberal party, became Prime Minister in 1894 following the resignation of William Gladstone. He was a compromise candidate and got the job simply because he was an acceptable choice to Queen Victoria. Unfortunately he didn't have the support of his colleagues, particularly Sir William Harcourt (the leader of the House of Commons) who was distinctly disgruntled at not being appointed Prime Minister himself. Rosebery's foreign and domestic policies were all blocked as a result of disagreements within his own party and he resigned in 1895 following the loss of yet another vote - presumably the "straw that broke the camel's back".

A lot of Rosebery's personal wealth came from his marriage to Hannah de Rothschild, heiress to the Rothschild banking empire. One building still named after Rosebery is Rosebery Villa in Naples which is now an official residence of the President of Italy.

The incorrect options are all lords who were members of Rosebery's ill-fated government.
Source: Author Fifiona81

This quiz was reviewed by FunTrivia editor stedman before going online.
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