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Quiz about Thermodynamics  The Heat Is On
Quiz about Thermodynamics  The Heat Is On

Thermodynamics - The Heat Is On Quiz


Thermodynamics - it's a big, scary word but we hope you'll warm to it. This quiz is mainly about heat and how it interacts with other forms of energy.

A multiple-choice quiz by Team Phoenix Rising. Estimated time: 5 mins.
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Author
purelyqing
Time
5 mins
Type
Multiple Choice
Quiz #
380,671
Updated
Dec 03 21
# Qns
10
Difficulty
Average
Avg Score
6 / 10
Plays
342
Last 3 plays: Guest 147 (8/10), Guest 75 (1/10), jackseleven (4/10).
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Question 1 of 10
1. An exothermic reaction often involves the transfer and transformation of energy. Which of the following is likely to happen in an exothermic reaction? Hint


Question 2 of 10
2. Energy transferred during an exothermic reaction can manifest itself in several forms. Which of the following is NOT one of them? Hint


Question 3 of 10
3. Now we're cookin'; what is enthalpy? Hint


Question 4 of 10
4. The change in enthalpy is the difference in energy at the end of a reaction compared to its beginning. Which of the following describes the energy change in an exothermic reaction? Hint


Question 5 of 10
5. We've established that an exothermic reaction releases energy. Therefore its opposite must be one that absorbs energy and also needs energy to make it happen. Which of the following reactions could this be? Hint


Question 6 of 10
6. The "arrow of time" is a concept in the Second Law of Thermodynamics. How else can this concept be represented? Hint


Question 7 of 10
7. The Third Law of Thermodynamics is poorly understood but, at its heart, it states entropy can never be negative. Which one of the following is a sign of decreasing entropy?
Hint


Question 8 of 10
8. There are four laws governing thermodynamics. Three are known as the first, second, and third laws. What is the last thermodynamics law known as? Hint


Question 9 of 10
9. A thermodynamic system may be defined by how permeable its boundaries are to transfers of heat, work, and matter. In which of these systems do the boundaries permit transfer of energy as work, but prohibit transfer of matter and energy as heat? Hint


Question 10 of 10
10. In my senior year of high school my biology teacher said that if I didn't put milk in my coffee it would cool faster and I would be able to drink it sooner. She was not quite right. What really happens when milk is added to black coffee? Hint



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Mar 24 2024 : Guest 147: 8/10
Mar 10 2024 : Guest 75: 1/10
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quiz
Quiz Answer Key and Fun Facts
1. An exothermic reaction often involves the transfer and transformation of energy. Which of the following is likely to happen in an exothermic reaction?

Answer: Energy is released to the surrounding areas whose temperature increases

An exothermic reaction can be either physical or chemical. It involves the breaking of a bond to create a new bond and if the energy that is needed to break the old bond is more than the energy in the new bond then that surplus energy is released to the surrounding areas as heat.

A good example is a match being struck. The chemicals in the matchhead and the striking surface represent the old bonds. Striking it provides the energy that re-arranges the atoms of the chemicals to create a new bond, thereby forming a new molecule. The energy contained in the new bond is less than the energy obtained from striking the match and, as a result, heat is given off.

This is in accordance with the First Law of Thermodynamics which states that "energy cannot be created or destroyed, merely changed from one form to another". In other words, the extra energy cannot simply disappear or be destroyed. In this example of a struck match, the excess energy is converted into heat.

This question was created by Phoenix Rising team member pollucci19.
2. Energy transferred during an exothermic reaction can manifest itself in several forms. Which of the following is NOT one of them?

Answer: Surface

The energy given off in an exothermic reaction is usually transformed into heat, such as a candle's flame or a struck match. However, other transformations can also occur. Examples include light from sparks and flashes, electricity from batteries, and sound from explosive events.

This question was created by Phoenix Rising team member purelyqing.
3. Now we're cookin'; what is enthalpy?

Answer: The heat content during a chemical reaction

Enthalpy can also be defined as the total energy of a thermodynamic system; however, we figured that "heat content" would come across as more of a layman's term. This measure is usually signified by the letter "H".

The measure of the disorder in a system is entropy. A protein that speeds up a reaction is an enzyme. An atom defined by its atomic number is an element.

This question was created by Phoenix Rising team member pollucci19.
4. The change in enthalpy is the difference in energy at the end of a reaction compared to its beginning. Which of the following describes the energy change in an exothermic reaction?

Answer: Less energy in end product, negative change in enthalpy

In an exothermic reaction, the end product would have less energy than its starting reactants because the excess energy would have been released into its surroundings. Subtracting the energy in the starting reactants (larger value) from the end products (smaller value) would give a negative value.

This can be better illustrated as a mathematical equation:

End energy - Starting energy = Change in enthalpy

In an exothermic reaction,

End energy = lower
Starting energy = higher

Therefore,

Lower value - Higher value = Negative value

This question was created by Phoenix Rising team member purelyqing.
5. We've established that an exothermic reaction releases energy. Therefore its opposite must be one that absorbs energy and also needs energy to make it happen. Which of the following reactions could this be?

Answer: Endothermic reaction

Generally the energy that is absorbed in an endothermic reaction is heat, though this is not always the case. Other forms, such as electrical energy, can be taken in. A couple of common examples of endothermic reactions are photosynthesis and an ice cube melting.

The French chemist Marcellin Berthelot was reported to have coined the term "endothermic" and its roots lie in the Greek terms "endon", meaning within, and "therm", meaning hot.

This question was created by Phoenix Rising team member pollucci19.
6. The "arrow of time" is a concept in the Second Law of Thermodynamics. How else can this concept be represented?

Answer: One-way direction

Under the Second Law, a spontaneous process has a tendency to achieve a more disordered state. In other words, the natural course of events brings an isolated system to a state of higher entropy, entropy being a measure of the system's disorder.

As an example, when liquid water is added to alcohol the molecules of both liquids spontaneously mix, bringing the system to a higher state of disorder (higher entropy). The water molecules will not spontaneously separate from the alcohol molecules to create one discrete section of water and another discrete section of alcohol. Therefore the mixing of alcohol and water occurs in a one-way direction only.

This gives rise to the "arrow of time" concept, which is essentially "before and after". If provided with two states of a system, one less disordered and one more disordered, it can be assumed that the more disordered state occurred later in time.

This question was created by Phoenix Rising team member purelyqing.
7. The Third Law of Thermodynamics is poorly understood but, at its heart, it states entropy can never be negative. Which one of the following is a sign of decreasing entropy?

Answer: Water forming into ice

The Third Law states in simplistic terms that at absolute zero (temperature - 0 degrees Kelvin) the entropy is zero. As we can approach a state of near zero temperature we can approach a near zero degree of entropy but we can never quite reach either and we certainly never reach negative entropy. We can however have decreasing entropy which occurs when temperatures decrease. From the examples given, three phase changes show the effects of increasing temperature (water changing to water vapour, ice changing to water and CO2 changing from a solid to a gas [without going through a liquid phase]) but only one reaction shows a decreasing temperature (water, by definition, has a temperature of greater than 0 degrees Celsius whereas ice must be less than or equal to 0 degrees Celsius by definition).

This question was created by Phoenix Rising team member 1nn1.
8. There are four laws governing thermodynamics. Three are known as the first, second, and third laws. What is the last thermodynamics law known as?

Answer: Zeroth

The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics defines thermal equilibrium. If System A is in thermal equilibrium with System B, and System B is in thermal equilibrium with System C, then System A and System C are also in thermal equilibrium with each other.

A classic example of the Zeroth Law is the thermometer. Because two systems that are in physical contact will be in thermal equilibrium with one another, a calibrated instrument (i.e. the thermometer) can be used to determine the property of thermal equilibrium (i.e. the temperature) of the system that it is in contact with.

The Zeroth Law was established after the first three laws of thermodynamics were postulated. However, because of its importance as the very definition of thermal equilibrium (a property we know as temperature), the Zeroth Law should rightfully head the list. Therefore it was named the Zeroth (0th) Law to precede the existing three laws.

This question was created by Phoenix Rising team member purelyqing.
9. A thermodynamic system may be defined by how permeable its boundaries are to transfers of heat, work, and matter. In which of these systems do the boundaries permit transfer of energy as work, but prohibit transfer of matter and energy as heat?

Answer: adiabatic

The walls or boundaries of a system (whether actual or merely notional) constitute a fundamental physical entity in thermodynamics. Systems may be defined as:

Open - allow transfers of matter and usually energy
Closed - allow transfers of energy (as heat or work) but not matter
Adiabatic (or adiabatically isolated) - allow transfers of energy as work but not matter or energy as heat
Adynamic (or purely diathermically isolated) - allow transfers of energy as heat, but not matter or energy as work
Isolated - do not permit transfers of matter or energy

This question was created by Phoenix Rising team member JCSon.
10. In my senior year of high school my biology teacher said that if I didn't put milk in my coffee it would cool faster and I would be able to drink it sooner. She was not quite right. What really happens when milk is added to black coffee?

Answer: The rate of cooling in black coffee is greater than white coffee but you can drink white coffee sooner

Where there is a larger difference between two temperatures, the rate of cooling is greater.

There are three temperatures in this scenario: the initial temperature of the black coffee near boiling point (TB), the temperature of the white coffee immediately after milk is added to the near boiling coffee (TB-n), and the temperature at which cooling coffee can be first drunk (TD).

As TB is greater than (TB-n), the rate of cooling between TB and TD will be greater than the rate of cooling between (TB-n) and TD. However the added milk to black coffee immediately drops the temperature of the white coffee. Therefore while the rate of cooling to drinkable temperature in white coffee is less, the difference between the initial (white coffee) temperature and the drinkable temperature is less than the difference between the initial (black coffee) temperature and the drinkable temperature, hence the drinkable temperature is reached earlier in white coffee than black coffee.

(This is actually a true story. I asked the Biology teacher if I could explain on the black board. I used calculus and derivatives to explain why she was wrong. I then had to repeat the exercise in front of all the science faculty. I was mortified (but vindicated)).

This question was created by Phoenix Rising team member 1nn1.
Source: Author purelyqing

This quiz was reviewed by FunTrivia editor rossian before going online.
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