Tokar is a northeastern Sudan town in the Baraka River delta near the Red Sea. The fertile land has supported cotton cultivation since the late 19th century. It also featured in the Mahdist War in 1891 when Egyptian forces, backed by British officers, defeated Osman Digna's Mahdist troops in the Battle of Tokar.
Located at the confluence of the Blue Nile and White Nile rivers, Khartoum is the capital of Sudan. It serves as a major political, cultural, and economic centre. The city has faced significant upheaval in recent years due to political unrest and conflict.
Omdurman is Sudan's most populous city, just across the Nile from Khartoum. It's known for its Sufi shrines, and the Mahdi's tomb. (Muhammad Ahmad, the Mahdi, who led the Mahdist revolt). It played a pivotal role in the 1898 Battle of Omdurman, where the Mahdist state was crushed by Anglo-Egyptian forces.
Berber is a historic town in northern Sudan, situated near the Nile River in River Nile State. It was once a key junction on trade routes linking Khartoum to the Red Sea via the old caravan road to Suakin, and also a river port before the railway era, making it a hub for trade between central Sudan and the Red Sea.
The city of Kassala is in eastern Sudan near the Eritrean border, situated at the base of the Taka Mountains. Historically, it was a key stop on trade routes and played a role in colonial-era conflicts, including Italian occupation in the 1940s, during World War II. Today, it remains a regional centre for agriculture and cross-border commerce.
El Obeid is a major city in central Sudan and the capital of North Kordofan State. It lies west of the White Nile and has long served as a key crossroads for trade routes linking Khartoum to Darfur and western Sudan. It is also an important centre for the gum arabic trade, an important feature of its economy.
Nyala is the capital of South Darfur State in western Sudan and one of the region's largest cities. It gained prominence during the Darfur conflict in the early 2000s and has since been a focal point for humanitarian aid and regional governance. It has also been affected by more recent conflicts and intercommunal violence.
Located in the Sahel region, El Fasher is the capital of North Darfur State in western Sudan. It was the seat of the Sultanate of Darfur and remains a cultural and administrative centre. The city became internationally known during the Darfur conflict in the early 2000s, serving as a base for humanitarian operations and peacekeeping forces.
Wad Madani is the capital of Sudan's Al Jazirah State, in the southeast of Khartoum along the Blue Nile. It's a key agricultural and industrial centre, historically tied to the Gezira Scheme, one of the world's largest irrigation projects focused on cotton production.
The historic town of Dongola in northern Sudan is located along the Nile River in the Nubian Desert. It was once the capital of the medieval Christian kingdom of Makuria and remains a cultural centre for Nubian heritage.
The city of Atbara, in northeastern Sudan, lies at the junction of the Nile and Atbara rivers. It's known as the 'Railway City' due to its central role in Sudan's railway network and labour movements. Atbara was a stronghold of trade unionism and political activism throughout the 20th century.
Kosti is a city in central Sudan, situated on the west bank of the White Nile opposite Rabak. It's the largest city in White Nile State and a key transportation and commercial hub, historically linked to river trade and rail routes. Founded in the early 20th century by Greek merchants, it developed as a centre for cotton processing and regional commerce.
The city of Sennar is in southeastern Sudan, on the Blue Nile and serves as the capital of Sennar State. It was once the seat of the powerful Funj Sultanate, which ruled much of Sudan from the 16th to the 19th century. Today, Sennar is an agricultural centre, known for its sugar production and irrigation schemes.
Geneina is the capital of West Darfur State in western Sudan, found near the border with Chad. It has long been a centre for trade and cultural exchange among Arab and Masalit communities. In recent decades, it has faced severe challenges due to intercommunal violence and displacement linked to the broader Darfur conflict.
Kadugli is the capital of South Kordofan State in central Sudan, in the Nuba Mountains region. It's a culturally diverse city, home to many ethnic groups including the Nuba peoples, whose traditions and languages enrich the area's identity.
Bahriwood, El Fauxrah, Suddonia, Emdurmur, Nilevana, Sharkara, Kaduglol, Zumbara and Kaffundu are the ones I made up!
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