Could this BE any more about our names? Quiz

Answer: Paul Newman

In 1967, pre-production began on "Rachel, Rachel", a film based on the novel "A Jest of God" by Margaret Laurence. The film had been planned as a starring vehicle for actress Joanne Woodward, which her husband Paul Newman intended to produce. However, his dislike of the original book led to his not having a desire to direct. At the time, Newman's only experience as a director had been a short adaptation of Chekhov's one-act play "On the Harmful Effects of Tobacco", which was made in 1962. However, owing to Woodward's search for a director to do "Rachel, Rachel" ending without success, Newman ultimately agreed to direct the film.

"Rachel, Rachel" received a degree of critical praise following its release in August 1968, with both Newman's direction and the performance of Joanne Woodward in the lead role acknowledged. Both won Golden Globes and were nominated for Academy Awards; however, although Newman's Golden Globe was for Best Director - Motion Picture, he missed out on a nomination for Best Director at the Oscars, with his nomination instead coming for his role as a producer in the Best Picture category. Following "Rachel, Rachel", Paul Newman directed a further four feature films, three of which starred Joanne Woodward. Two of these - "The Effect of Gamma Rays on Man-in-the-Moon Marigolds" and "The Glass Menagerie" - saw Newman receive nominations for the Best Director prize at the Cannes Film Festival.

Answer: Pastrami

The Reuben is a sandwich incorporating corned beef, Swiss cheese, sauerkraut and either Thousand Island or Russian dressing on rye bread. There are a number of origin stories for the Reuben, with perhaps the most notable being the sandwich order of a Lithuanian born grocer named Reuben Kulakofsky, who played a weekly poker game at the Blackstone Hotel in Omaha, Nebraska. The hotel's owner, who was also in the game, added cheese and dressing to the corned beef and sauerkraut, and subsequently added the sandwich to the hotel's lunch menu, gaining national attention when a former employee won a national sandwich competition with the recipe.

The Reuben has many variations from the standard, with one of these being the Rachel. In a Rachel sandwich, the corned beef is replaced with either pastrami (cured beef covered in spices and then smoked) or turkey, and the sauerkraut by coleslaw. Additionally, in some parts of the United States, the dressing is also replaced, generally either with French dressing or barbecue sauce. The name Rachel is believed to come from a popular song called "Reuben and Rachel", written in 1871 by Harry Birch and William Gooch, although in parts of the US, most notably Michigan, the sandwich is more commonly known as a "Georgia Reuben" or "California Reuben".

Answer: Dylan Thomas

In 1967, Ray Davies began writing material for what eventually became The Kinks' sixth album, "The Kinks Are the Village Green Preservation Society". At the time, Davies was drawing inspiration from Dylan Thomas's 1954 radio play "Under Milk Wood", which features the character of Polly Garter, a woman who has affairs with many of the married men in the village of Llareggub. Davies wrote the song that became "Monica" incorporating cryptic references to the eponymous character being a prostitute, in order to avoid a potential radio ban. The song also incorporates Davies' continued interest in calypso music, as it features both congas and syncopated rhythms - there is a suggestion that the rhythm of the song is intended to indicate the narrator's fantasy that he actually possesses Monica.

"Monica" was recorded in the period between late 1967 and mid 1968, when The Kinks were producing a large amount of material without a clear idea of how to release it. Ray Davies originally selected it as one of the tracks to include on "Four More Respected Gentlemen", the band's intended US album release for the summer of 1968. Although that was cancelled, the track was included on "The Kinks Are the Village Green Preservation Society" from its initial planning. Upon release, two versions of the album were produced, with the UK and US version having "Monica" as the penultimate track on side two, while the European release (which Ray Davies had also intended for the UK) put it at the penultimate position on side one.

Answer: Algeria

St Monica is believed to belong to the Berber peoples, a collection of different ethnic groups native to the Maghreb region of North Africa predating the arrival of the Arab peoples. It is suggested that she was born in the town of Thagaste, which corresponds to the modern Algerian city of Souk Ahras, around the year 332 CE.

Early in her life she was married to a pagan man named Patricius, who was a member of the local Roman senate. The pair were opposites, as Monica regularly gave alms, did good deeds and engaged in prayer, annoying her husband, who had a violent temper and was of dissolute habits - it is said that, when their son Augustine fell ill, Monica asked Patricius if the child could be baptised into the Christian faith, to which he agreed, immediately recanting when Augustine recovered.

After her death, Monica was forgotten for some time. She was buried in Ostia, and remained there for almost a thousand years until the cult of St Monica began to develop. In 1430, Pope Martin V ordered her relics brought to Rome, with several miracles reported along the route. In 1483, the Basilica of Saint Augustine of Hippo, named for Monica's son, was completed in Rome, with Monica's relics then deposited there. Today, St Monica is venerated by followers of many different sects of Christianity, in both the Eastern Orthodox and Western traditions, for her Christian virtues and piety - different sects celebrate her feast on different days, with some doing so on 4 May and others on 27 August.

Answer: Peru

Phoebe is the ninth largest, and the most massive of the irregular moons of Saturn (irregular moons are those that do not hold a spherical shape). The satellite's retrograde orbit, meaning it orbits in the opposite direction to Saturn's own spin, indicates that it did not form in the vicinity of Saturn, but was an object captured by Saturn's gravity. Initially thought to be an asteroid, recent studies have since indicated that Phoebe probably formed in the Kuiper Belt and became a centaur before being captured by Saturn. Phoebe orbits at a considerable distance from Saturn, and is believed to be responsible for the so called "Phoebe Ring", the largest and outermost of Saturn's rings, which is believed to originate from impacts on Phoebe.

In 1899, William Henry Pickering was undertaking work on photographic plates of Saturn taken the previous year by DeLisle Stewart at the Boyden Observatory, which was part of the Harvard College Observatory located near the city of Arequipa in Peru. While studying the photographs, Pickering noticed an object that did not match the position of the then eight known moons of Saturn. Having confirmed it was not a defect in the photographic plate, the newly discovered object thus became both the planet's ninth moon, and the first natural satellite to be discovered using photography. Using the established precedent of naming Saturn's moons after the Titans of Greek mythology, the newly discovered moon was named Phoebe, after the sister of Cronus, who was the Greek equivalent of Saturn.

Answer: North America

The phoebes (genus 'sayornis') are a group of insect-eating passerine birds that form part of the tyrant flycatcher family. Native to North America (with some species also inhabiting South America), phoebes generally prefer open or semi-open areas near water, on which they will find a perch and, usually in pairs, catch and feed on various types of insect. There are three known species of phoebe - the eastern phoebe, which is native to the eastern regions of North America; the black phoebe, found in the west and south-west of North America, and the west coast of South America; and the Say's phoebe, which can be found across much of the central and western parts of North America, as far north as Alaska.

Although named as phoebes, with the same spelling as the Titaness of Greek mythology, it is believed that, rather than this being the derivation of the name, it is in fact the call that they make, which resembles "fee-bee" - this is most noticeable with the eastern phoebe. The genus name, sayornis, derives from the original binomial developed by Charles Lucien Bonaparte - Say's phoebe was named for the American naturalist Thomas Say, with Bonaparte adopting "saya" as the species name. In 1854, when Bonaparte was reorganising the classification of species, he created "sayornis" from the species name given to Say's phoebe, combined with the Ancient Greek word "ornis", meaning bird.

Answer: Threepence

The three pence coin was originally minted in England during the reign of Edward VI, when it entered circulation alongside the groat, which was worth four pence. When first introduced, it was not especially popular, and was withdrawn a number of times over the course of its first century of existence until becoming generally accepted after the Restoration. Over time, the silver threepence, although minted as part of the general circulation of coinage, began to move towards a different purpose, with a number of coins minted late in the reign of George III in exceptionally good condition, indicating that they had been used not as general coins, but as the special Maundy money given by the monarch at Easter. The silver coin remained as a general circulation coin until the end of the reign of George V, when it was replaced by a new, more substantial brass coin with twelve sides. This coin remained in circulation until the conversion to decimal coinage in February 1971.

The nickname "joey" was originally applied to the groat upon its reintroduction to circulation in 1836, during the reign of William IV. This was done at the suggestion of the Radical MP Joseph Hume, as a means of easing transactions for cab drivers in London, as at the time there was no generally circulating denomination of coin between a penny and sixpence (the threepence being used primarily as Maundy money at the time). The reintroduced groat then acquired the nickname "joey" after Hume. Following the withdrawal of the groat in 1888, the nickname then passed to the threepence coin, by then back in general circulation, which it retained until the introduction of the twelve-sided brass version in 1937. Today, joeys (both in their threepence and fourpence guises) are still distributed as Maundy money during the Royal Maundy service the day before Good Friday.

Answer: Jack Paar

Joey Bishop (born Joseph Gottleib) began his career as an entertainer in the 1930s when, having skipped the final semester of high school, he formed a comedy trio with Morris "Rummy" Spector and Sammy Reisman (later replaced by Mel Farber), calling themselves the "Bishop Brothers". Going on the road, the trio performed in nightclubs and burlesque houses, starting in Pennsylvania and New Jersey, before then travelling the east coast. Although the act ultimately broke up when Rummy was drafted, Joey continued as a solo performer until he too was called into the army in 1942. Following the end of the war and his discharge, Bishop resumed his comedy career - he gained regular gigs at the Casablanca Roadhouse and the Greenwich Village Inn, which led to spots at the Latin Quarter nightclub in New York, followed by spots on "The Ed Sullivan Show" on CBS television. During this period, he also struck up a friendship with Frank Sinatra, who asked Bishop to be his opening act in 1952.

In 1954, NBC launched "Tonight Starring Steve Allen", a late night entertainment talk show hosted by writer and comedian Steve Allen. Joey Bishop made several appearances as a guest on the show, which continued when, following Allen's departure in 1957, Jack Paar took over as the host. It was during Paar's tenure that the practice of having "guest hosts" fill in during his absence began, with Joey Bishop filling the chair for the first time in May 1959. Over the period of Paar's five-year tenure as host, Bishop guested more than 40 times, including during a special week when the show was broadcast from London, with Bishop serving as the host for the segments in New York. Following Paar's departure, Johnny Carson took over and continued the practice of using regular guest hosts. Joey Bishop guest hosted for Carson almost 200 times during the 1960s and 70s, with a hiatus during the 33-month run of Bishop's own talk show, "The Joey Bishop Show", on ABC.

Answer: Candles

A chandler was traditionally the person in charge of a chandlery, which, in a medieval household, was the establishment with responsibility for the supply of wax and the production and distribution of candles. In most households that would support such an establishment, the chandlery was generally subordinate to the kitchen, with it only serving as a separate establishment in the largest households. Despite this, the chandlery served an important function as it was the source of light in the days when candles provided the only illumination, often times from a fixture called a chandelier. The chandlery in a private household generally became obsolete as candles were produced on a commercial basis, with the chandler becoming more of a producer and seller of candles.

In addition to its association specifically with the candle trade, the term "chandler" is also used for people engaged in providing supplies for ships. In the Age of Sail, this would involve oils and waxes, but also other products such as sail cloth, hemp, rope and oakum. These so called "ship chandlers" got their name because commercial chandlers in the 18th century often provided their wares to shipping companies. As more specialised retailers were established, providing a wider range of necessary products to ship owners, the name "chandler" stuck, with the appellation of the word ship to distinguish them from those in the candle trade.

Answer: Dartmouth

The Abiel Chandler School of Science and the Arts was originally established in 1852 as a result of a bequest in the will of Abiel Chandler, a commission merchant based in Boston, who left $50,000 to Dartmouth College for them to set up an undergraduate college along similar lines to the Lawrence Scientific School at Harvard. Although the Chandler School formed part of Dartmouth, it was separate from the main body of the college, with its students establishing their own sports teams and fraternities, and sitting in their own pews in the college chapel, while classes took place in the school's own building, Chandler Hall, which had originally been built in 1835, and was remodelled in 1876.

By the 1890s, academic standards had improved significantly since the foundation of the Chandler School, which had led to the academic programme increasing from three to four years in 1854, and the terms of admission made more rigorous. In 1892, the trustees of Dartmouth proposed to the body responsible for administering the Chandler bequest that the school's curriculum be absorbed into the wider curriculum of the college itself, with admission standards being equivalent to those of other Dartmouth students. This led to the Chandler School being fully amalgamated with Dartmouth to become the college's Chandler Scientific Department. Eventually, the single department demerged to become Dartmouth's departments for Zoology, Botany and Geology.

Answer: Charles I

The earldom of Ross was a title that originated in the mid 12th century, when title to Ross, a region in the north of Scotland that had formed part of the domains of the Earl of Moray, was awarded to Máel Coluim MacHeth. However, the title did not come into major usage until the advent of Ferchar mac in tSagairt, who was appointed to the earldom in the 1220s by King Alexander III in gratitude for helping to suppress a rebellion.

The first instance of a member of the Stuart family assuming the title came in 1415, when John Stewart, Earl of Buchan, came to the title when his father coerced the then Countess of Ross, Euphemia II, who was John Stewart's cousin, to give up the title in favour of John. Ultimately, the title was retained by Euphemia's family until it was forfeited in the 1470s.

The earldom was recreated in 1481 by James III, who bestowed it on his second son, James. This Earl of Ross died childless, which led to the title being created a third time. The new recipient was Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley, who was created Earl of Ross on the eve of his marriage to Queen Mary. Darnley was murdered in February 1567, with the title then passing to his son, the infant James, who was also heir to the Scottish throne. James's mother abdicated the following July, which saw the infant become James VI, and all of his titles, including those inherited from his father, merge with the crown.

In 1600, the second son of James VI was born; Charles was awarded the traditional title Duke of Albany on his birth, with subsidiary titles including Earl of Ross. On the death of his elder brother Henry in 1612, Charles then became heir apparent, and succeeded his father, who by now was also King James I of England, as king of both Scotland and England in 1625, with again all of his titles merging with the crown. Since then, the earldom of Ross has remained dormant.

Answer: Honda

In 2008, following a year's sabbatical after his departure from Ferrari, Ross Brawn began in the role of Team Principal of Honda Racing. At the time, Honda had struggled in Formula One, with the 2008 car looking to provide little improvement over previous seasons. As a result, Brawn's strategy was to essentially ignore the 2008 car, and concentrate on the development of the new car for 2009. Sweeping new regulations over the design and set up of Formula One cars were due to be introduced, meaning every team, instead of producing an evolution of their existing car, would have to start with a blank slate. Brawn saw this as a means for Honda to catch up, and planned to spend twice as long developing the new car as the team's competitors. However, 2008 saw a major world economic crash, which affected the finances of many major corporations, including Honda, who announced at the end of the 2008 season that they would be pulling out of Formula One.

In an effort to save the team, Brawn and CEO Nick Fry embarked first on seeking out a purchaser for the entirety of the set up; during this period, as Honda was not permitted to close the team outright straight away, work continued on the new car for 2009. In March, Brawn and Fry engineered a management buyout, purchasing the team from Honda for a symbolic £1, with Honda agreeing to provide the money that the team was owed from Formula One's management company; the team was then rechristened as Brawn GP. The success of the strategy to concentrate on the 2009 car led to the new Brawn BGP001, which was shown to be significantly faster than every other car in testing. Brawn GP won a total of eight of the 17 races in 2009, with the team achieving a 1-2 in four of them. Jenson Button won the drivers' championship by 11 points, while the team gained the constructors' title by 18.5 points. This was the team's only season in Formula One, as in November 2009 it was sold to Mercedes.