149. In 15th century B.C., the city of Ashur in northern Mesopotamia was the capital of which once powerful region?
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Answer:
Assyria
Also known as Assur, this city was once the capital of three separate Assyrian states between 2025 and 1050 BC. Biblically speaking, it was 40 miles south of Nimrud and 60 miles south of Nineveh. Its ruins are located on the west of the Tigris River in what is now Iraq. It remained as a thriving city for over four thousand years from its beginnings, falling periodically to various conquerors, recovering and rising again over and over. The history is way too long and detailed to discuss in here, but when the city was finally abandoned in the 13th century, it was used for a time as a cemetery, before, finally, succumbing to the grave itself.
Assur/Ashur wasn't only a city, however. Over time, it was the name given to the lands ruled by the city, and also of the city's deity. From that name sprang the name Assyria (the area over which Assur ruled) and today's Syria. Placed on the World Heritage List in 2003 to prevent the construction of a proposed large scale dam, any hope of Assur being restored through archeological intervention was dealt a death blow, firstly by the 2003 invasion of Iraq, and then by its remaining once glorious ruins being utterly demolished by the Islamic State, IS.